Heil Sarah H, Johnson Matthew W, Higgins Stephen T, Bickel Warren K
Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, USA.
Addict Behav. 2006 Jul;31(7):1290-4. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.09.005. Epub 2005 Oct 19.
Higher rates of delay discounting have been consistently noted in substance abusers compared to non-drug-using matched controls. Additional data from some studies comparing discounting rates in current versus former substance abusers suggest that discounting rates may be adaptable and that drug abstinence may be associated with reductions in discounting. The primary purpose of the present study was to determine whether a period of cocaine abstinence (at least 30 days) resulted in altered discounting rates of money in a population of primary cocaine-dependent patients compared to current cocaine users and non-drug-using matched controls. Results suggest that there was no difference in discounting between currently abstinent and currently using cocaine-dependent outpatients. When these two groups were combined, cocaine-dependent patients showed higher discounting rates than non-drug-using matched controls. These data replicate previous work in cocaine-dependent and other substance abusers compared to non-drug-using controls and suggest that a longer period of abstinence may be required to modify discounting in this population.
与未使用毒品的匹配对照组相比，物质滥用者的延迟折扣率一直较高。一些研究比较了当前与以前的物质滥用者的折扣率，额外的数据表明折扣率可能是可适应的，并且戒毒可能与折扣率降低有关。本研究的主要目的是确定一段可卡因戒断期（至少30天）是否会导致原发性可卡因依赖患者群体中金钱折扣率的改变，与当前可卡因使用者和未使用毒品的匹配对照组相比。结果表明，目前已戒断和目前使用可卡因的依赖门诊患者之间在折扣方面没有差异。当这两组合并时，可卡因依赖患者的折扣率高于未使用毒品的匹配对照组。这些数据重复了之前在可卡因依赖者和其他物质滥用者与未使用毒品的对照组相比的研究结果，并表明可能需要更长的戒断期来改变该群体的折扣率。
