Goldberg Elmera, Goldfarb Robert
CUNY Graduate Center and Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Adelphi University, 018 Hy Weinberg Center, Garden City, NY 11530, USA.
Brain Lang. 2005 Nov;95(2):293-303. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2005.01.012.
This study asked whether aphasic adults show different noun/verb retrieval patterns based upon their clinical categorization as fluent or nonfluent. Participants selected either the noun or the verb meaning of target words, as presented in three contexts. The framework was that nouns (associated with temporal lobe function) are processed, stored, and retrieved separately from verbs (associated with frontal lobe function), implying separate status in the mental lexicon. Stimuli were homophonic homographs, words that are spelled and pronounced the same but which have different meanings (in this case, noun and verb meanings). Another contrast was the putative difference between systematic pairs (e.g., "kiss" and "farm"), in which noun and verb meanings are transparently related, and may be stored as a unit, and unsystematic pairs (e.g., "squash" and "sink"), in which noun and verb meanings are apparently unrelated, implying discrete storage. Results demonstrated significant interactions between fluent and nonfluent participants, suggesting that, as expected, fluent aphasic adults have more difficulty with nouns, nonfluent aphasic adults have more difficulty with verbs. There was no effect of systematicity. Contrary to expectations, verbs proved less vulnerable, rather than more vulnerable, to aphasic impairment.
本研究探讨了失语症成年人根据其流利型或非流利型的临床分类是否表现出不同的名词/动词检索模式。参与者从三种语境中呈现的目标词中选择名词或动词的含义。其框架是，名词（与颞叶功能相关）与动词（与额叶功能相关）在处理、存储和检索方面是分开的，这意味着在心理词典中具有不同的地位。刺激材料是同音同形异义词，即拼写和发音相同但含义不同的词（在本研究中为名词和动词含义）。另一个对比是系统对（例如“亲吻”和“耕种”）与非系统对（例如“挤压”和“下沉”）之间的假定差异，在系统对中名词和动词含义明显相关，可能作为一个单元存储，而在非系统对中名词和动词含义明显不相关，这意味着是离散存储。结果表明流利型和非流利型参与者之间存在显著的交互作用，这表明正如预期的那样，流利型失语症成年人在名词方面有更多困难，非流利型失语症成年人在动词方面有更多困难。系统性没有影响。与预期相反，事实证明动词对失语症损伤的敏感性较低，而非较高。
