Glaser Stefan, Anastassiadis Konstantinos, Stewart A Francis
Genomics, BioInnovationsZentrum, Dresden University of Technology, Am Tatzberg 47, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
Nat Genet. 2005 Nov;37(11):1187-93. doi: 10.1038/ng1668.
The mouse is the foremost vertebrate experimental model because its genome can be precisely and variously engineered. Now that the mouse genome has been sequenced and annotated, the task of mutating each gene is feasible, and an international cooperation is providing mutated embryonic stem cells and mice as readily available resources. Because these resources will change biomedical research, decisions about their nature will have far-reaching effects. It is therefore timely to consider topical issues for mouse genome engineering, such as the background genotype; homologous, site-specific and transpositional recombination; conditional mutagenesis; RNA-mediated interference; and functional genomics with embryonic stem cells.
小鼠是最重要的脊椎动物实验模型，因为其基因组能够被精确且多样地改造。既然小鼠基因组已被测序和注释，对每个基因进行突变的任务是可行的，并且一项国际合作正在提供突变的胚胎干细胞和小鼠作为易于获取的资源。由于这些资源将改变生物医学研究，关于它们性质的决策将产生深远影响。因此，适时考虑小鼠基因组工程的热点问题是很有必要的，比如背景基因型、同源重组、位点特异性重组和转座重组、条件性诱变、RNA介导的干扰以及利用胚胎干细胞进行的功能基因组学研究。
