Izzedine Hassane, Launay-Vacher Vincent, Deybach Camille, Bourry Edward, Barrou Benoit, Deray Gilbert
Department of Nephrology, Pitie-SalPetriere Hospital, Paris, France.
Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2005 Nov;4(6):1097-109. doi: 10.1517/14740338.4.6.1097.
To review the medications that influence glucose metabolism with a focus on hypertensive, transplant and HIV-infected patient populations.
Literature obtained from a MEDLINE search from 1970 to present, including studies published in the English language. The search strategy linked drugs, hyperglycaemia and diabetes mellitus, HIV, transplantation, hypertension and psychiatric patients.
Many common therapeutic agents influence glucose metabolism. Multiple mechanisms of action on glucose metabolism exist through pancreatic, hepatic and peripheral effects. The prevalence of hyperglycaemia was higher with the use of thiazide diuretic, beta-blocker, calcineurin, protease inhibitors and atypical antipsychotic drugs.
Patients treated with those drugs appear to be at increased risk for developing diabetes. It is prudent to monitor plasma glucose values when it is not possible to avoid prescription of medication with known effects on carbohydrate metabolism.
回顾影响糖代谢的药物，重点关注高血压患者、移植患者和感染HIV的患者群体。
通过检索1970年至今的MEDLINE数据库获取文献，包括以英文发表的研究。检索策略将药物、高血糖症、糖尿病、HIV、移植、高血压和精神疾病患者联系起来。
许多常用治疗药物会影响糖代谢。通过胰腺、肝脏和外周效应，存在多种影响糖代谢的作用机制。使用噻嗪类利尿剂、β受体阻滞剂、钙调神经磷酸酶抑制剂、蛋白酶抑制剂和非典型抗精神病药物时，高血糖症的发生率更高。
使用这些药物治疗的患者患糖尿病的风险似乎增加。当无法避免开具已知对碳水化合物代谢有影响的药物处方时，谨慎监测血糖值是明智的。
