Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi. 2005;107(8):882-9.
In clinical practice, many kinds of stories are told by patients, stories such as those about distress associated with illness, those about their interaction with the people surrounding and those about the medical experiences. Stories are never fixed. They are always revised. Several dimensional stories are interrelated and affect one another, and the modification of any influences the others. The stories told by patients are coded and interpreted so as to fit the doctors' paradigm. The coding and interpretation are sometimes willingly accepted by patients for the purpose of being recognized as patients by the community, or because the patients need to close their eyes to their real mind state. In other cases they are rejected because patients perceive the application of paradigms either as doctors' indifference about patients' stories or even as a kind of violence. There are various kinds of paradigms. The choice of a paradigm is determined not only by the patients' disease nature but the personal history of individual doctor and the academic group which the doctor is belonging to. So the paradigm has always has the cultural aspect. Through the interaction between patients' stories and doctors' explanation model based on the paradigms, new stories start developing. How the application of the doctors' explanation models impact each patient should be intuitively considered beforehand, keeping in mind the patients' past histories, the situation the patients are now put in, past experiences with medical services. This is because the medical explanations offered to the patients could change their experience of illnesses in various ways, sometimes making them more distressful. To indorse my opinions, I extracted some pieces from my description about two patients.
在临床实践中,患者会讲述各种各样的故事,比如与疾病相关的痛苦故事、与周围人的互动故事以及医疗经历故事。故事并非一成不变,而是总是在被修正。多个维度的故事相互关联、相互影响,任何一个故事的改变都会影响其他故事。患者讲述的故事经过编码和解读,以符合医生的范式。有时患者会出于被群体认可为患者的目的,或者因为需要忽视自己的真实心理状态,而愿意接受这种编码和解读。在其他情况下,他们会拒绝,因为患者认为范式的应用要么是医生对患者故事的漠不关心,甚至是一种暴力行为。存在各种各样的范式。范式的选择不仅取决于患者的疾病性质,还取决于医生个人的历史以及医生所属的学术团体。所以范式总是具有文化层面。通过患者故事与基于范式的医生解释模型之间的互动,新的故事开始形成。在考虑患者的既往病史、当前所处状况以及过去的医疗服务经历时,应该事先直观地思考医生解释模型的应用会如何影响每个患者。这是因为向患者提供的医学解释可能会以各种方式改变他们对疾病的体验,有时会使他们更加痛苦。为了支持我的观点,我从对两位患者的描述中选取了一些片段。