Harwood Steven M, Yaqoob Muhammad M, Allen David A
Centre for Experimental Medicine, Nephrology and Critical Care, Renal Research Laboratories, William Harvey Research Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
Ann Clin Biochem. 2005 Nov;42(Pt 6):415-31. doi: 10.1258/000456305774538238.
Calpain and caspase are families of cysteine proteases that have important roles in the initiation, regulation and execution of cell death. The function of both groups of proteases in the progression of apoptotic and necrotic pathways is presented here in the context of a concise overview of regulated cell death. Many of the morphological differences between apoptotic and necrotic processes are thought to be as a consequence of the action of cysteine proteases. Recent studies suggest that caspase and calpain cascades are tightly interrelated and an appreciation of how these proteases cross-talk should enable a greater understanding of how the boundaries between apoptotic and necrotic cell death have become blurred. Furthermore, an assessment of the contribution that caspase and calpain make to human physiology and pathology is provided, with a description of how these proteases can be detected and quantified. Lastly, an evaluation is made of how caspase and calpain activation might be exploited diagnostically.
钙蛋白酶和半胱天冬酶是半胱氨酸蛋白酶家族，在细胞死亡的起始、调节和执行过程中发挥着重要作用。本文在对程序性细胞死亡进行简要概述的背景下，介绍了这两类蛋白酶在凋亡和坏死途径进展中的作用。凋亡和坏死过程之间的许多形态学差异被认为是半胱氨酸蛋白酶作用的结果。最近的研究表明，半胱天冬酶和钙蛋白酶级联反应紧密相关，了解这些蛋白酶之间的相互作用应该能够更深入地理解凋亡性和坏死性细胞死亡之间的界限是如何变得模糊的。此外，本文还评估了半胱天冬酶和钙蛋白酶对人类生理和病理的贡献，并描述了如何检测和定量这些蛋白酶。最后，对如何利用半胱天冬酶和钙蛋白酶激活进行诊断评估。
