Muyssen Brita T A, Bossuyt Bart T A, Janssen Colin R
Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, J. Plateaustraat 22, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Chemosphere. 2005 Dec;61(8):1159-67. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.02.076. Epub 2005 Apr 14.
Acute zinc toxicity was assessed for 10 freshwater cladoceran species collected in six different ecosystems across Europe and for two standard laboratory-reared species (Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia dubia). The collected organisms belonged to five different genera: Daphnia (subgenus Daphnia and Ctenodaphnia), Ceriodaphnia, Simocephalus, Acroperus and Chydorus. The 48-h EC50 of the field-collected organisms tested in standard laboratory water ranged from 375+/-141 to 4314+/-1513 microg Znl(-1). The laboratory clone of D. magna was less sensitive than the majority of the field-collected species, while our laboratory Ceriodaphnia dubia was the second most sensitive. Considerable inter-species variation was found within the genus of Ceriodaphnia (factor 6) and within the genus Daphnia (factor 8). Among the different (sub)genera tested, Chydorus and Ctenodaphnia were significantly more tolerant than the others (up to a factor 3 difference). A significant positive relationship (r2=0.67, p<0.05) between the mean cladoceran 48-h EC50 and the ambient zinc concentration of the different aquatic systems was demonstrated, suggesting a role of acclimation and/or adaptation. No significant correlation between the acute zinc tolerance and the length of the organisms was found.
对在欧洲六个不同生态系统中采集的10种淡水枝角类物种以及两种标准实验室饲养物种（大型溞和 dubia 角突网纹溞）进行了急性锌毒性评估。所采集的生物属于五个不同的属：溞属（溞亚属和栉溞亚属）、角突网纹溞属、似哲水蚤属、顶冠溞属和盘肠溞属。在标准实验室水中测试的野外采集生物的48小时半数有效浓度（EC50）范围为375±141至4314±1513微克锌/升。大型溞的实验室克隆体比大多数野外采集物种的敏感性低，而我们实验室的 dubia 角突网纹溞是第二敏感的。在角突网纹溞属（差异因子6）和溞属（差异因子8）中发现了显著的种间差异。在所测试的不同（亚）属中，盘肠溞属和栉溞亚属比其他属的耐受性明显更强（相差达3倍）。枝角类平均48小时EC50与不同水生系统的环境锌浓度之间存在显著的正相关关系（r2 = 0.67，p < 0.05），这表明了驯化和/或适应的作用。未发现急性锌耐受性与生物体长之间存在显著相关性。
