Young Ian S
Centre for Clinical and Population Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
J Psychopharmacol. 2005 Nov;19(6 Suppl):66-75. doi: 10.1177/0269881105058374.
Serum cholesterol is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides are positively related to cardiovascular disease, while HDL cholesterol has an inverse relationship. Measurement of lipids is essential in individuals with established cardiovascular disease or type 2 diabetes, and may also be carried out in healthy individuals as part of cardiovascular risk assessment. Lifestyle measures are important in cardiovascular disease prevention, but the mainstay of lipid lowering therapy is appropriate use of lipid lowering drugs. Total and LDL cholesterol are the primary targets for treatment, but consideration should also be given to raising HDL cholesterol and lowering triglycerides where appropriate. Statins are the most frequently used lipid lowering agents, but there is an important place for other drugs, including ezetimibe, fibrates and nicotinic acid.
血清胆固醇是心血管疾病的主要危险因素。总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯与心血管疾病呈正相关，而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇则呈负相关。对于已确诊的心血管疾病或2型糖尿病患者，脂质检测至关重要，在健康个体中也可作为心血管风险评估的一部分进行检测。生活方式干预在心血管疾病预防中很重要，但降脂治疗的主要手段是合理使用降脂药物。总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇是主要治疗靶点，但也应酌情考虑升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和降低甘油三酯。他汀类药物是最常用的降脂药物，但其他药物，包括依泽替米贝、贝特类药物和烟酸，也有重要作用。
