Kaiser A M, Schultsz C, Kruithof G J, Debets-Ossenkopp Y J, Vandenbroucke-Grauls C M J E
VU Medisch Centrum, afd. Medische Microbiologie en Infectiepreventie, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2005 Oct 29;149(44):2459-64.
To determine the prevalence of carriers of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and gentamicin-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (GGNB) in patients repatriated from foreign hospitals to The Netherlands.
Determination of prevalence.
In the period May 1998-August 2001, 1167 patients were repatriated. Swab specimens, demographic data and clinical data were obtained during the transfer.
The prevalence of carriers of resistant microorganisms was 18.2%. MRSA was carried by 2.7% of the total repatriated group and by 4.7% of patients transferred to a Dutch hospital. Risk factors were antimicrobial treatment (odds ratio (OR): 3.4; 95% CI: 1.2-9.7), length of stay in a foreign hospital > or = 14 days (OR: 5.4; 95% CI: 2.3-12) and artificial ventilation (OR: 8.5; 95% CI: 1.8-41). VRE and GGNB were isolated from 2.7% and 14.1% of patients, respectively. Transfer from Asia or southern, south-eastern and eastern Europe were risk factors for carrying GGNB.
Carriership of resistant microorganisms was high among repatriated patients. The highest risk of GGNB was more closely associated with the country from which the patient was transferred than the antimicrobial treatment received in the foreign hospital.
确定从国外医院遣返回荷兰的患者中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）、耐万古霉素肠球菌（VRE）和耐庆大霉素革兰阴性杆菌（GGNB）携带者的患病率。
患病率测定。
在1998年5月至2001年8月期间，1167例患者被遣返回国。在转运期间获取拭子标本、人口统计学数据和临床数据。
耐药微生物携带者的患病率为18.2%。MRSA在全部遣返组中的携带率为2.7%，在转至荷兰医院的患者中的携带率为4.7%。危险因素包括抗菌治疗（比值比（OR）：3.4；95%置信区间（CI）：1.2 - 9.7）、在国外医院住院时间≥14天（OR：5.4；95%CI：2.3 - 12）和人工通气（OR：8.5；95%CI：1.8 - 41）。VRE和GGNB分别从2.7%和14.1%的患者中分离出来。从亚洲或南欧、东南欧和东欧转来是携带GGNB的危险因素。
遣返患者中耐药微生物的携带率很高。GGNB的最高风险与患者转出的国家关系更为密切，而非与在国外医院接受的抗菌治疗有关。
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