Gu Mee Ock, Jeon Mi Yang, Kim Hee-Ja, Eun Young
Department of Nursing, Gyeong Sang National University, Gerontological Health Research Center, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Korea.
Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi. 2005 Oct;35(6):1101-12. doi: 10.4040/jkan.2005.35.6.1101.
This study was done to suggest directions for developing exercise interventions for fall prevention in the elderly in Korea in the future.
Twenty five articles for fall prevention exercises were reviewed and analyzed.
84.0% of subjects were older adults age 65 and older living in the community. The most frequently performed interventions were lower limb strength and balance exercises together 43.3%, group exercise 70.0%, exercise 3 times/week 60.0%, 60 min per session 36.7%, duration of 12 weeks and 1 year 23.3% each. The most frequently used outcome variables were static balance 84.0%, lower limb muscle strength 72.0%, dynamic balance 56.0 %, and falls 56.0 %. The effect of exercise interventions on fall prevention was inconclusive. Lower limb strength exercises with resistance were effective for increasing muscle strength. Balance exercises with various movements for balance were effective for increasing balance.
Exercise interventions for fall prevention is recommended for older adults with risk factors of falling. The desirable type of exercise intervention is lower limb strength and balance exercise together.
本研究旨在为韩国未来制定预防老年人跌倒的运动干预措施提供方向。
对25篇关于预防跌倒运动的文章进行了综述和分析。
84.0%的受试者为65岁及以上居住在社区的老年人。最常进行的干预措施是下肢力量和平衡训练同时进行（43.3%）、团体运动（70.0%）、每周锻炼3次（60.0%）、每次锻炼60分钟（36.7%）、持续时间为12周和1年（各占23.3%）。最常用的结局变量是静态平衡（84.0%）、下肢肌肉力量（72.0%）、动态平衡（56.0%）和跌倒次数（56.0%）。运动干预对预防跌倒的效果尚无定论。有阻力的下肢力量训练对增加肌肉力量有效。进行各种平衡动作的平衡训练对提高平衡能力有效。
建议对有跌倒风险因素的老年人进行预防跌倒的运动干预。理想的运动干预类型是下肢力量和平衡训练同时进行。
