Michalik P, Dallai R, Giusti F, Mercati D, Alberti G
Zoologisches Institut und Museum, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, J.-S.-Bach-Strasse 11/12, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany.
Tissue Cell. 2005 Dec;37(6):489-97. doi: 10.1016/j.tice.2005.09.003. Epub 2005 Nov 9.
Until now, the knowledge on pholcid spermatozoa is based on two species, Pholcus phalangioides and, incompletely, Holocnemus pluchei. To complete this knowledge and to reveal more potential phylogenetic characters, we have investigated sperm ultrastructure and spermiogenesis of H. pluchei. We found that the sperm cells of this species are clearly different from those of P. phalangioides with respect to: (1) the lack of specialization in the cylindrical acrosomal vacuole; (2) a nuclear canal which is located in the periphery and not in the center of the nucleus; (3) a more prominent postcentriolar elongation of the nucleus; (4) the presence of "inner microtubules" in the implantation fossa in early and mid-spermatids; (5) the absence of a helical band of nuclear material; (6) the proximal centriole which is not prolonged; (7) the types of secretion in the seminal fluid (only two types in H. pluchei). Similarities in the spermatozoa of both species concern: (1) a large implantation fossa which contains large amounts of glycogen in mature spermatozoa; (2) absence of a centriolar adjunct; (3) an axonemal basis located in the posterior part of the implantation fossa; (4) the formation of the so-called cleistospermia in the vas deferens. Our results strongly support systematic relationships within Pholcidae placing these two species in different subgroups.
到目前为止，关于幽灵蛛精子的知识仅基于两种蜘蛛，即长脚幽灵蛛和不完全清楚的普氏幽灵蛛。为了完善这方面的知识并揭示更多潜在的系统发育特征，我们研究了普氏幽灵蛛的精子超微结构和精子发生过程。我们发现，该物种的精子细胞在以下方面明显不同于长脚幽灵蛛的精子细胞：（1）圆柱形顶体泡缺乏特化；（2）核管位于细胞核周边而非中央；（3）细胞核在中心粒后延长更为显著；（4）在早期和中期精子细胞的植入窝中有“内部微管”；（5）不存在核物质螺旋带；（6）近端中心粒未延长；（7）精液中的分泌类型（普氏幽灵蛛只有两种类型）。这两个物种精子的相似之处在于：（1）成熟精子中有一个大的植入窝，其中含有大量糖原；（2）不存在中心粒附属物；（3）轴丝基部位于植入窝后部；（4）在输精管中形成所谓的封闭精子现象。我们的结果有力地支持了幽灵蛛科内的系统发育关系，将这两个物种置于不同的亚组中。
