Jones M
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1975 Feb;26(2):94-8. doi: 10.1176/ps.26.2.94.
The release of chronic mental patients from the hospital to the community has been prompted more by political and economic considerations than by any planned treatment strategy. Large numbers of former patients have gone to live in privately operated boarding houses and nursing homes, where staff have had little experience with mental illness, and where conditions are not much different from the back wards of state hospitals of past decades. New models for caring for chronic, dependent patients should be developed; they should incorporate the precepts of an open social system and should be built around the needs of such patients as they themselves perceive them. To date, few state mental hospitals, have had the funding, staff, or support to adequately explore the possibilities of an optimal environment.
慢性精神病患者从医院向社区的释放更多是出于政治和经济考虑，而非任何有计划的治疗策略。大量以前的患者住进了私人经营的寄宿公寓和疗养院，那里的工作人员对精神疾病几乎没有经验，而且条件与过去几十年州立医院的病房没有太大差别。应该开发照顾慢性依赖患者的新模式；这些模式应纳入开放社会系统的理念，并应围绕此类患者自身所感知的需求来构建。迄今为止，很少有州立精神病院获得资金、人员或支持来充分探索最佳环境的可能性。
