Adsorption and kinetic studies of the intercalation of some organic compounds onto Na+-montmorillonite.

The adsorption and the kinetics of the intercalation of metanil yellow dye, p-aminodiphenylamine (p-NH(2)-DPA), and benzidine by colloidally dispersed Na(+)-montmorillonte (Na(+)-MMT) have been studied. The adsorption isotherm parameters confirmed the occurrence of chemical adsorption that is based on the cation-exchange process. The selectivity of these compounds toward Na(+)-MMT follows the order metanil yellow<p-NH(2)-DPA<benzidine, which reflects the stability sequence of the intercalates. The attainment of sorption equilibrium and the diffusion coefficient follows the order metanil yellow>p-NH(2)-DPA>benzidine. The rate of oxidation has been quantitatively measured using a stopped-flow spectrophotometer. The rate constant follows the order benzidine<p-NH(2)-DPA<metanil yellow. Addition of allyle acetate shows inhibiting effect on the reaction rate. The rate of cation exchange process between the radical cation of the organic molecule and the Na(+)-ion in the Na(+)-MMT has been monitored by using the stopped-flow instrument with an electrical conductivity detection unit. The activation energy of the electron transfer reaction is less than that of cation exchange process and has the order metanil yellow<p-NH(2)-DPA<benzidine. X-ray diffraction, IR, and differential scanning colorimetry (DSC) measurements confirmed the intercalation process.