Xu Ran, Yong Li Ching, Lim Yong Giak, Obbard Jeffrey Philip
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 4 Engineering Drive 4, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2005;51(8-12):1101-10. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.02.037. Epub 2005 Apr 1.
Nutrient concentration and hydrocarbon bioavailability are key factors affecting biodegradation rates of oil in contaminated beach sediments. The effect of a slow-release fertilizer, Osmocote, as well as two biopolymers, chitin and chitosan, on the bioremediation of oil-spiked beach sediments was investigated using an open irrigation system over a 56-day period under laboratory conditions. Osmocote was effective in sustaining a high level of nutrients in leached sediments, as well as elevated levels of microbial activity and rates of hydrocarbon biodegradation. Chitin was more biodegradable than chitosan and gradually released nitrogen into the sediment. The addition of chitin or chitosan to the Osmocote amended sediments enhanced biodegradation rates of the alkanes relative to the presence of Osmocote alone, where chitosan was more effective than chitin due to its greater oil sorption capacity. Furthermore, chitosan significantly enhanced the biodegradation rates of all target polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
营养物浓度和碳氢化合物生物可利用性是影响受污染海滩沉积物中石油生物降解速率的关键因素。在实验室条件下，使用开放式灌溉系统，在56天的时间里研究了缓释肥料奥绿肥（Osmocote）以及两种生物聚合物几丁质和壳聚糖对添加石油的海滩沉积物生物修复的影响。奥绿肥能有效维持淋溶沉积物中的高营养水平，以及提高微生物活性和碳氢化合物生物降解率。几丁质比壳聚糖更易生物降解，并能逐渐向沉积物中释放氮。相对于仅添加奥绿肥的情况，在添加奥绿肥的沉积物中添加几丁质或壳聚糖可提高烷烃的生物降解率，其中壳聚糖由于其更大的油吸附能力而比几丁质更有效。此外，壳聚糖显著提高了所有目标多环芳烃的生物降解率。
