Hunter Kent
Laboratory of Population Genetics, CCR/NCI/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-5060, USA.
Cell Cycle. 2005 Dec;4(12):1719-21. doi: 10.4161/cc.4.12.2258. Epub 2005 Dec 14.
Metastasis is an enormously complex process that involves both spatial and temporal barriers. Metastatic cells must not only acquire all of the characteristics of a primary tumor, but additionally must be capable of invasion, survival during transit and in the secondary site, interact productively with a novel microenvironment and proliferate to form a clinically relevant lesion.(1) Adding complexity to the process is the fact that it can be years or even decades after diagnosis of the primary tumor before the secondary tumors are apparent. A number of models have been proposed to explain the origins of metastasis. However, while all of the models can account for some aspects of the experimental observations, suggesting they may be at least in part true, none adequately explain all of the data. This implies that the existing models are likely to be too simplistic and additional factors must be considered to adequately account for existing and newly emerging data.
转移是一个极其复杂的过程，涉及空间和时间障碍。转移细胞不仅必须具备原发性肿瘤的所有特征，而且还必须能够侵袭、在转移过程中以及在继发部位存活，与新的微环境进行有效相互作用并增殖以形成具有临床意义的病变。(1) 使这一过程更加复杂的是，在原发性肿瘤诊断数年甚至数十年后，继发性肿瘤才会显现。已经提出了许多模型来解释转移的起源。然而，虽然所有模型都能解释实验观察的某些方面，表明它们可能至少部分正确，但没有一个能充分解释所有数据。这意味着现有模型可能过于简单，必须考虑其他因素才能充分解释现有和新出现的数据。
