Niederhauser Victoria P, Stark Mariailiana
School of Nursing & Dental Hygiene, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.
Pediatr Nurs. 2005 Sep-Oct;31(5):380-6.
The reduction of health disparities among all people in the United States is a national health priority. Although immunization rates have improved in the past 20 years, disparities continue to exist among ethnic and racial groups, across different socioeconomic classes, and in different geographic locations. Pediatric health care providers can play a key role in helping to narrow the gap in immunization coverage rates, thus reducing disparities. The purpose of this article is to (1) provide a review of the literature on disparities in immunization rates of children and adolescents, (2) provide suggestions for intervention to minimize immunization disparities, and (3) set an agenda for future research in this area.
减少美国所有人之间的健康差距是一项国家卫生重点。尽管在过去20年中免疫接种率有所提高，但在不同种族和民族群体之间、不同社会经济阶层以及不同地理位置仍存在差距。儿科医疗服务提供者在帮助缩小免疫接种覆盖率差距从而减少差距方面可以发挥关键作用。本文的目的是：（1）综述关于儿童和青少年免疫接种率差距的文献；（2）提供干预建议以尽量减少免疫接种差距；（3）制定该领域未来研究的议程。
