Kuo Yi-Ming, Lin Ta-Chang, Tsai Perng-Jy
Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, Chung Hwa College of Medical Technology, Rende Shiang, Tainan County, Taiwan, ROC.
J Hazard Mater. 2006 May 20;133(1-3):75-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.09.055. Epub 2005 Nov 17.
A real-scale coke bed furnace system has been successfully applied to vitrify the incineration ashes into glassy slags. The object of this research was to evaluate the effect of the system on the immobilization of metal species in the slag. Ashes and slag specimens were tested to identify their metal phase distribution following a sequential extraction procedure. The mobility of Al, Ca, Cd, Cr, Mg, Mn and Pb was noticeably reduced by vitrification. An important implication is the reduction of Cr(6+) to Cr(3+) along with its immobilization with this coke bed furnace. The Ni and Zn contents were relatively low in slag, indicating that their availability of mobile phases in ashes was reduced during vitrification. The XRD analyses identified the major crystalline phase in slag as åkermanite, which is inert and helpful in metal immobilization. The phase distribution analysis also contributed to verify that the incorporation of Ca and Mg enhanced the encapsulation in the slag matrix. The low oxygen content in slag made the structure of silicate resistant to the proton-promoted attack and also enhanced the mobility reduction of matrix elements (Ca, Mg and Al) in the moderately reducible phase and also contributed to the immobilization of other metal species. However, the properties of slag also deserve further studies to ensure its long-term stability and safety.
一个实际规模的焦炭床炉系统已成功应用于将焚烧灰渣玻璃化为玻璃状熔渣。本研究的目的是评估该系统对熔渣中金属物种固定化的影响。按照顺序提取程序对灰渣和熔渣样本进行测试，以确定它们的金属相分布。通过玻璃化，铝、钙、镉、铬、镁、锰和铅的迁移率显著降低。一个重要的发现是，随着铬（6+）在该焦炭床炉中被固定化，它被还原为铬（3+）。熔渣中的镍和锌含量相对较低，表明在玻璃化过程中，它们在灰渣中可移动相的可用性降低。X射线衍射分析确定熔渣中的主要晶相为钙镁黄长石，它具有惰性且有助于金属固定化。相分布分析也有助于证实钙和镁的掺入增强了在熔渣基质中的包裹作用。熔渣中的低氧含量使硅酸盐结构抵抗质子促进的侵蚀，并且还增强了中度可还原相中基质元素（钙、镁和铝）的迁移率降低，也有助于其他金属物种的固定化。然而，熔渣的性质也值得进一步研究，以确保其长期稳定性和安全性。
