Mohr Ian
Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, NY 10016, USA.
Oncogene. 2005 Nov 21;24(52):7697-709. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209053.
To ensure that their mRNAs are translated and that the viral proteins necessary for assembling the next generation of infectious progeny are produced, viruses must effectively seize control of the translational machinery within their host cells. In many cases, the ability to productively engage host translational components can determine if a given cell type can support viral replication, illustrating the critical importance of this task in the viral life cycle. Failure to interface properly with the host translational apparatus can compromise the productive growth cycle, resulting in an abortive infection and radically restricting viral replication. Not only have viruses become facile at commandeering this machinery, they are also particularly adept at manipulating cellular translation control pathways for their own ends. In this review, the mechanisms by which numerous viruses manipulate host translational control circuits are discussed. Furthermore, particular attention is devoted to understanding how interfering with the ability of a virus to properly regulate translation in its host can be exploited to generate oncolytic strains that selectively replicate in cancer cells.
为确保其mRNA能够被翻译并产生组装下一代感染性子代病毒所需的病毒蛋白，病毒必须有效地掌控其宿主细胞内的翻译机制。在许多情况下，有效利用宿主翻译组件的能力可决定特定细胞类型是否能够支持病毒复制，这表明此项任务在病毒生命周期中至关重要。若无法与宿主翻译装置正确对接，可能会损害生产性生长周期，导致流产感染并从根本上限制病毒复制。病毒不仅善于征用这种机制，还特别擅长为自身目的操纵细胞翻译控制途径。在本综述中，将讨论多种病毒操纵宿主翻译控制回路的机制。此外，还将特别关注如何利用干扰病毒在其宿主中正确调节翻译的能力来产生在癌细胞中选择性复制的溶瘤毒株。
