Freeman-Cook Lisa L, Dimaio Daniel
Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Oncogene. 2005 Nov 21;24(52):7756-62. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209039.
Viruses have been subjected to intense study because of their medical importance and because they can provide fundamental insights into normal and pathological cellular processes. Indeed, much of our knowledge about basic cellular biology and biochemistry was acquired through the study of viruses, and some of medicine's greatest triumphs and challenges involve viruses. Since viruses have evolved to exploit important cell processes, they can provide tools and approaches to manipulate cell function. The small transmembrane E5 protein of bovine papillomavirus type 1 transforms cells by a unique mechanism involving ligand-independent activation of the platelet-derived growth factor beta receptor. Experiments summarized in this review suggest that it may be possible to use the E5 protein as a model to design an entirely new class of small, modular transmembrane proteins with novel biological activities.
由于病毒具有医学重要性，且能为正常和病理细胞过程提供基本见解，因此受到了深入研究。事实上，我们关于基础细胞生物学和生物化学的许多知识都是通过对病毒的研究获得的，医学上一些最伟大的成就和挑战都与病毒有关。由于病毒已经进化到利用重要的细胞过程，它们可以提供操纵细胞功能的工具和方法。1型牛乳头瘤病毒的小跨膜E5蛋白通过一种独特的机制转化细胞，该机制涉及血小板衍生生长因子β受体的非配体依赖性激活。本综述总结的实验表明，有可能将E5蛋白用作模型，设计出一类全新的、具有新型生物活性的小的模块化跨膜蛋白。
