Hatt J-M, Schaub D, Wanner M, Wettstein H-R, Flach E J, Tack C, Hässig M, Ortmann S, Hummel J, Clauss M
Division of Zoo Animals and Exotic Pets, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2005 Dec;52(10):485-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2005.00769.x.
We investigated the effect of diet on intake of energy and fibre in a group of three captive adult giraffe by weighing offered diet items and leftovers for 7 days after an adaptation period of 7 days. Digestion coefficients were calculated using, as internal marker, the acid detergent lignin content of a faecal sample pooled from subsamples taken during the last 5 days of intake measurement. Two lucerne hay-only diets of differing quality (L1, L2) were fed, as well as the regular diet of lucerne hay and concentrates (L2C), and the regular diet supplemented with 3 or 6 kg of edible, fresh browse material (L2CB3, L2CB6). The proportion of roughage in the ingested diets L2CB6 (45 +/- 5% dry matter), L2CB3 (35 +/- 3%) and L2C (37 +/- 10%) did not differ significantly. Digestible energy intake was low on the hay-only diets [L1: 0.28 +/- 0.06 MJ/kg body weight (BW)0.75; L2: 0.33 +/- 0.10 MJ/kg BW0.75] and increased from L2C (0.60 +/- 0.13 MJ/kg BW0.75) to a significant increase with L2CB3 (0.72 +/- 0.17 MJ/kg BW0.75); no further increase was obvious for L2CB6 (0.63 +/- 0.15MJ/kg BW0.75). The results confirm that giraffes are unlikely to meet energy requirements on lucerne hay-only diets. In a feeding scenario where both lucerne hay and the concentrate component of the diet are fed ad libitum, the animals tended to exchange hay for browse when browse was added. Only the higher level of browse supplementation led to a potentially beneficial increase in fibre intake. Whether additional browse supplementation will lead to increased intakes in a feeding scenario with restricted concentrate provision can be suspected but remains to be demonstrated.
我们通过在7天适应期后，对提供的食物和剩余食物称重7天，研究了饮食对一组三只圈养成年长颈鹿能量和纤维摄入量的影响。消化系数的计算使用从摄入量测量最后5天采集的粪便样本子样本中汇集的粪便样本的酸性洗涤木质素含量作为内部标记。喂食了两种质量不同的仅含苜蓿干草的日粮（L1、L2），以及苜蓿干草和精饲料的常规日粮（L2C），以及补充了3或6千克可食用新鲜嫩枝材料的常规日粮（L2CB3、L2CB6）。摄入日粮L2CB6（干物质45±5%）、L2CB3（35±3%）和L2C（37±10%）中粗饲料的比例没有显著差异。仅含干草的日粮中可消化能量摄入量较低[L1：0.28±0.06兆焦/千克体重（BW）0.75；L2：0.33±0.10兆焦/千克BW0.75]，从L2C（0.60±0.13兆焦/千克BW0.75）增加到L2CB3显著增加（0.72±0.17兆焦/千克BW0.75）；L2CB6（0.63±0.15兆焦/千克BW0.75）没有明显进一步增加。结果证实，长颈鹿仅靠苜蓿干草日粮不太可能满足能量需求。在苜蓿干草和日粮中的精饲料成分都随意喂食的饲养情况下，添加嫩枝时动物倾向于用干草换嫩枝。只有较高水平的嫩枝补充导致纤维摄入量有潜在的有益增加。在精饲料供应受限的饲养情况下，额外补充嫩枝是否会导致摄入量增加值得怀疑，但仍有待证明。
