Heo M, Pietrobelli A, Fontaine K R, Sirey J A, Faith M S
Department of Psychiatry, Westchester Division, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, NY, USA.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2006 Mar;30(3):513-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803122.
Sustained depressive mood is a gateway symptom for a major depressive disorder. This paper investigated whether the association between depressive mood and obesity differs as function of sex, age, and race in US adults after controlling for socio-economic variables of martial status, employment status, income level and education level.
A total of 44,800 nationally representative respondents from the 2001 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey were studied. Respondents were classified as having experienced a depressive mood if they felt sad, blue, or depressed at least for 1 week in the previous month. The depressive mood was operationalized in terms of duration and sustenance, both defined based on number of days with depressive mood: 7+ and 14+ days. Age groups were classified as young (18-64 years) and old (65+ years). Obesity status was classified as: not overweight/obese (BMI<25); overweight (25<or=BMI<30); obese (BMI>or=30).
Prevalence of prior-month depressive mood was 14.3 and 7.8% for 7+ and 14+ days, respectively. Controlling for race and socio-economic variables, both young overweight and obese women were significantly more likely to have experienced depressive mood than nonoverweight/nonobese women. Young overweight, but not obese, men were significantly more likely to have experienced depressive mood than nonoverweight/nonobese men. Young obese women were also significantly more likely to have a sustained depressive mood than nonoverweight/nonobese women. For old respondents, depressive mood and its sustenance were not associated with obesity in either sex.
The relationship between the depressive mood and obesity is dependent upon gender, age, and race. Young obese women, Hispanics in particular, are much more prone to depressive mood than nonobese women. Future studies testing associations between depression and obesity should be sensitive to the influence of these demographic and socio-economic variables.
持续性抑郁情绪是重度抑郁症的一个前期症状。本文研究了在美国成年人中，在控制婚姻状况、就业状况、收入水平和教育水平等社会经济变量后，抑郁情绪与肥胖之间的关联是否因性别、年龄和种族的不同而有所差异。
对2001年行为危险因素监测调查中44800名具有全国代表性的受访者进行了研究。如果受访者在前一个月中至少有1周感到悲伤、忧郁或沮丧，则被归类为经历过抑郁情绪。抑郁情绪根据持续时间和持续性进行衡量，两者均根据抑郁情绪的天数定义：7天及以上和14天及以上。年龄组分为年轻人（18 - 64岁）和老年人（65岁及以上）。肥胖状况分类为：非超重/肥胖（BMI<25）；超重（25≤BMI<30）；肥胖（BMI≥30）。
在前一个月中，抑郁情绪持续7天及以上和14天及以上的患病率分别为14.3%和7.8%。在控制种族和社会经济变量后，年轻的超重和肥胖女性比非超重/非肥胖女性经历抑郁情绪的可能性显著更高。年轻的超重男性（而非肥胖男性）比非超重/非肥胖男性经历抑郁情绪的可能性显著更高。年轻肥胖女性比非超重/非肥胖女性出现持续性抑郁情绪的可能性也显著更高。对于老年受访者，抑郁情绪及其持续性在两性中均与肥胖无关。
抑郁情绪与肥胖之间的关系取决于性别、年龄和种族。年轻肥胖女性，尤其是西班牙裔女性，比非肥胖女性更容易出现抑郁情绪。未来测试抑郁症与肥胖之间关联的研究应考虑这些人口统计学和社会经济变量的影响。
