Steriade M
Département de Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada.
Neurology. 1992 Jul;42(7 Suppl 6):9-17; discussion 18.
Most brainstem, thalamic, and cortical cellular types undergo similar processes during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and wakefulness, and both these brain-activated behavioral states are opposed to the resting EEG-synchronized sleep. Experimental evidence shows that during drowsiness, disfacilitation in thalamic and cortical neurons (by partial removal of influences from mesopontine, posterior hypothalamic, and basal forebrain activating systems) may coexist with active hypnogenic mechanisms. The idea of an active induction of sleep, however, still lacks firm support at the cellular level. The generation of REM sleep signs is probably caused, at least partially, by the disinhibition of mesopontine cholinergic cells, the executive elements of tonic and phasic events during dreaming sleep, following cessation of firing of inhibitory serotonergic dorsal raphe neurons.
大多数脑干、丘脑和皮质细胞类型在快速眼动（REM）睡眠和清醒状态下经历相似的过程，并且这两种大脑激活的行为状态都与静息脑电图同步睡眠相反。实验证据表明，在困倦期间，丘脑和皮质神经元的去易化作用（通过部分消除来自中脑桥脑、下丘脑后部和基底前脑激活系统的影响）可能与活跃的促眠机制共存。然而，睡眠主动诱导的观点在细胞水平上仍缺乏有力支持。快速眼动睡眠体征的产生可能至少部分是由于在抑制性血清素能中缝背核神经元停止放电后，中脑桥脑胆碱能细胞的去抑制作用，而这些细胞是做梦睡眠中紧张性和相位性事件的执行要素。
