Leth P M
Patologisk institut, Aalborg Sygehus.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1992 Jun 8;154(24):1682-6.
Helicobacter pylori (HP) are Gram-negative spiral bacteria which occur in the human stomach. The bacteria were cultured in vitro for the first time in 1983. It is suspected that the bacteria may cause chronic gastritis of type B and may also be a contributory cause of chronic ulceration and cancer of the stomach. The bacteria are accompanied by characteristic inflammatory changes in the gastric mucosa. The significance for gastritis, chronic ulceration, non-ulcer dyspepsia and carcinoma of the stomach is discussed. HP occurs in a great proportion of the population of the world and the frequency increases with age. The route of infection is unknown but faecal-oral infection is probable. Correlation between the presence of HP and the occurrence of symptoms is poor in the individual patient. The bacteria can be demonstrated histologically, cytologically, by culture, by the urease test, by the urease expiration test or serologically. The bacteria are sensitive for a series of antibiotics and bismuth but no effective treatment is known as the recurrence rate is high.
幽门螺杆菌（HP）是存在于人类胃部的革兰氏阴性螺旋菌。1983年首次在体外培养出这种细菌。据推测，该细菌可能导致B型慢性胃炎，也可能是慢性胃溃疡和胃癌的一个促成因素。这种细菌会伴随胃黏膜出现特征性炎症变化。文中讨论了其对胃炎、慢性溃疡、非溃疡性消化不良和胃癌的意义。幽门螺杆菌在世界上很大一部分人口中存在，且感染率随年龄增长而增加。感染途径尚不清楚，但粪口传播感染很有可能。在个体患者中，幽门螺杆菌的存在与症状出现之间的相关性较差。这种细菌可以通过组织学、细胞学、培养、尿素酶试验、尿素呼气试验或血清学方法检测出来。该细菌对一系列抗生素和铋敏感，但由于复发率高，尚无有效的治疗方法。
