Yang Xiushi, Latkin Carl, Celentano David, Luo Huasong
Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA.
AIDS Behav. 2006 Jan;10(1):71-81. doi: 10.1007/s10461-005-9028-8.
This study examined the prevalence and correlates of HIV risk behaviors among 1,153 current drug users in China. Chi-squared tests of differences were used to test if drug users differed from non-users; logistic regression was used to identify behavior-specific risk factors. Results indicate that 60% of drug users injected drugs and more than one third shared needles. Compared to non-users, drug users had higher rates of risky sexual behavior and HIV/STDs. Among drug users, ethnic minorities and migrants were most vulnerable to unprotected casual sex and needle sharing. Drug users who experienced social isolation were associated with lower odds of risk behaviors; those who had experiences of anti-social behaviors and commercial sex, poor HIV knowledge, and perceived greater vulnerability were more prone to unprotected casual sex and needle sharing. Additional correlates of unprotected casual sex included being single, depression, and taking drugs/alcohol during sex. Additional risk factors of needle sharing included education and initiated drug use at younger ages. It is imperative that HIV interventions in China target drug users and address behavior-specific risk factors.
本研究调查了中国1153名现有的吸毒者中艾滋病毒风险行为的流行情况及其相关因素。采用卡方差异检验来检验吸毒者与非吸毒者是否存在差异；使用逻辑回归来确定特定行为的风险因素。结果表明，60%的吸毒者注射毒品，超过三分之一的人共用针头。与非吸毒者相比，吸毒者有更高的危险性行为和艾滋病毒/性传播感染率。在吸毒者中，少数民族和流动人口最易发生无保护的随意性行为和共用针头。经历过社会隔离的吸毒者发生风险行为的几率较低；那些有反社会行为和商业性行为经历、艾滋病毒知识匮乏以及认为自身更易感染的吸毒者更容易发生无保护的随意性行为和共用针头。无保护随意性行为的其他相关因素包括单身、抑郁以及性行为期间吸毒/饮酒。共用针头的其他风险因素包括受教育程度以及开始吸毒的年龄较小。中国的艾滋病毒干预措施必须以吸毒者为目标，并针对特定行为的风险因素。
