Butrón A, Sandoya G, Revilla P, Ordás A, Malvar R A
Misión Biológica de Galicia, Spanish Council for Scientific Research, Apartado 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain.
J Econ Entomol. 2005 Oct;98(5):1694-7. doi: 10.1093/jee/98.5.1694.
Popcorn adapted to Spanish conditions could be an interesting and profitable alternative to field corn. However, little is known about breeding popcorn germplasm for adaptation to Spain. Sesamia nonagrioides Lefèvbre is the main insect pest affecting popcorn quality and yield under Spanish growing conditions. The objectives of the study were the search for sources of resistance to S. nonagrioides among popcorn germplasm and to study the genetics of the resistance to S. nonagrioides attack. Eight breeding populations along with a five-inbred line diallel and two popcorn commercial checks were evaluated under S. nonagrioides infestation in 2 yr. Significant differences were found among general combining ability (GCA) effects for days to silking, S. nonagrioides tunnel length, general appearance of the ear, kernel moisture, and yield. Specific combining ability (SCA) effects were found to be significant for yield and ear damage. Therefore, heterotic patterns among popcorn materials should be taken into account to generate new popcorn hybrids that are not only more productive but also have higher kernel quality. Breeding popcorn populations BSP4APC0 and PSPW1C1 could be base germplasms in a breeding program for obtaining parental inbreds of healthy kernel popcorn hybrids. New inbred lines could be generated from the cross BP1 x BP2 that would have improved GCA and SCA effects for S. nonagrioides resistance when crossed to South American inbreds.
适应西班牙种植条件的爆裂玉米可能是大田玉米一个有趣且有利可图的替代选择。然而，关于培育适应西班牙环境的爆裂玉米种质资源，人们了解得还很少。Sesamia nonagrioides Lefèvbre是西班牙种植条件下影响爆裂玉米品质和产量的主要害虫。本研究的目的是在爆裂玉米种质资源中寻找对Sesamia nonagrioides的抗性来源，并研究对Sesamia nonagrioides侵害的抗性遗传。在两年时间里，对8个育种群体以及一个5个自交系的双列杂交组合和两个爆裂玉米商业对照品种在Sesamia nonagrioides虫害条件下进行了评估。在抽丝天数、Sesamia nonagrioides隧道长度、果穗总体外观、籽粒含水量和产量的一般配合力（GCA）效应之间发现了显著差异。在产量和果穗损伤方面发现了特殊配合力（SCA）效应显著。因此，在培育新的爆裂玉米杂交种时，应考虑爆裂玉米材料之间的杂种优势模式，这些杂交种不仅产量更高，而且籽粒品质也更高。在培育健康籽粒爆裂玉米杂交种亲本自交系的育种计划中，育种群体BSP4APC0和PSPW1C1可作为基础种质资源。当与南美自交系杂交时，由BP1×BP2杂交产生的新自交系在对Sesamia nonagrioides抗性方面将具有更好的GCA和SCA效应。
