Pines Jonathon
Wellcome/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute & Dept of Zoology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 1QN.
Trends Cell Biol. 2006 Jan;16(1):55-63. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2005.11.006. Epub 2005 Dec 5.
There are two major problems for the cell to solve in mitosis: how to ensure that each daughter cell receives an equal and identical complement of the genome, and how to prevent cell separation before chromosome segregation. Both these problems are solved by controlling when two specific proteins are destroyed: securin, an inhibitor of chromosome segregation, and cyclin B, which inhibits cell separation (cytokinesis). It has recently become clear that several other proteins are degraded at specific points in mitosis. This review (which is part of the Chromosome Segregation and Aneuploidy series) focuses on how specific proteins are selected for proteolysis at defined points in mitosis and how this contributes to the proper coordination of chromosome segregation and cytokinesis.
如何确保每个子细胞获得基因组的相等且相同的互补物，以及如何在染色体分离之前防止细胞分离。这两个问题都是通过控制两种特定蛋白质何时被破坏来解决的：分离酶抑制蛋白，一种染色体分离的抑制剂，以及细胞周期蛋白B，它抑制细胞分离（胞质分裂）。最近已经清楚的是，其他几种蛋白质在有丝分裂的特定时间点被降解。这篇综述（是《染色体分离与非整倍体》系列的一部分）重点关注在有丝分裂的特定时间点如何选择特定蛋白质进行蛋白水解，以及这如何有助于染色体分离和胞质分裂的正确协调。
