Rother T, Riechelmann H, Gronau S
Universitäts-HNO-Klinik Ulm.
HNO. 2006 Dec;54(12):967-70. doi: 10.1007/s00106-005-1353-8.
The use of airbag systems in motor vehicle construction has led to a significant reduction in both the frequency and intensity of injuries during traffic accidents. However, recent reports have shown numerous cases in which it is assumed that the airbag was the major cause of serious injury.
In a collision with a wild boar, both airbags in the automobile deployed. The driver suffered facial abrasion and belt contusion to the left shoulder. The passenger held a glass bottle in her hands during the impact that, secondarily accelerated through the airbag, hit both eyes and the bridge of her nose. On clinical admission, the patient showed fractures of the nasal bridge, of both medial orbital walls on both sides and a massive periocular haematoma which required direct examination under narcosis. Both eyes showed an orbital contusion, a large area of corneal abrasion, traumatic mydriasis with sphincter tears such as bilateral 90% hyphema. During surveillance, a progressive reduction in visual acuity occurred. After posterior chamber vitrectomy with epiretinal peeling and posterior chamber lens implantation in the left eye, visual acuity was 0.05 in the left eye and 0.01 in the right.
A considerable danger emanates from objects which are situated between head and airbag in the moment of airbag deployment. This requires public education and, in addition, airbag systems which are adapted to the drivers height and weight, as well as to objects in its immediate vicinity.
机动车制造中安全气囊系统的使用已使交通事故中受伤的频率和严重程度显著降低。然而，最近的报告显示了许多被认为安全气囊是严重伤害主要原因的案例。
在与野猪碰撞时，汽车中的两个安全气囊都展开了。驾驶员面部擦伤，左肩部有安全带挫伤。乘客在碰撞时手中拿着一个玻璃瓶，该玻璃瓶在安全气囊展开的作用下加速，击中了她的双眼和鼻梁。入院时，患者显示鼻梁骨折，双侧内侧眶壁骨折，以及巨大的眼周血肿，这需要在麻醉下进行直接检查。双眼均显示眼眶挫伤、大面积角膜擦伤、伴有括约肌撕裂的外伤性瞳孔散大，如双侧90%前房积血。在监测期间，视力逐渐下降。在对左眼进行后房型玻璃体切除联合视网膜前膜剥除及后房型人工晶状体植入术后，左眼视力为0.05，右眼视力为0.01。
安全气囊展开瞬间位于头部与安全气囊之间的物体存在相当大的危险。这需要公众教育，此外，还需要安全气囊系统根据驾驶员的身高和体重以及其附近的物体进行调整。
