青霉属中 1,4-β-葡聚糖酶和 1,4-β-葡萄糖苷酶的形成和定位。
Formation and Location of 1,4-beta-Glucanases and 1,4-beta-Glucosidases from Penicillium janthinellum.
机构信息
Gesellschaft für Biotechnologische Forschung mbH, 3300 Braunschweig-Stöckheim, Federal Republic of Germany.
出版信息
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1981 Apr;41(4):857-66. doi: 10.1128/aem.41.4.857-866.1981.
Formation and location of 1,4-beta-glucanases and 1,4-beta-glucosidases were studied in cultures of Penicillium janthinellum grown on Avicel, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, cellobiose, glucose, mannose, and maltose. Endo-1,4-beta-glucanases were found to be cell free, and their formation was induced by cellobiose. 1,4-beta-Glucosidases, on the other hand, were formed constitutively and were primarily cell free, but with a small amount strongly associated with the cell wall. Low 1,4-beta-glucosidase activities of periplasmic or intracellular origin were also found. A rotational viscosimetric method was developed to measure the total endo-1,4-beta-glucanase activity of the culture (broth and solids). By this method, it was possible to determine the endo-1,4-beta-glucanase activity not only in the supernatant of the culture but also on the surface of the mycelium or absorbed on residual Avicel. During a 70-liter batch cultivation of P. janthinellum, the adsorption of endo-1,4-beta-glucanases by residual and newly added 10% Avicel was measured. The adsorption of soluble protein and endo-1,4-beta-glucanases by Avicel was found to be largely independent of the pH value but dependent on temperature.
在以 Avicel、羧甲基纤维素钠、纤维二糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖和麦芽糖为碳源培养的青霉（Penicillium janthinellum）中，研究了 1,4-β-葡聚糖酶和 1,4-β-葡萄糖苷酶的形成和位置。发现内切 1,4-β-葡聚糖酶为细胞外酶，其形成受纤维二糖诱导。另一方面，1,4-β-葡萄糖苷酶是组成型合成的，主要为细胞外酶，但有少量与细胞壁强烈结合。还发现了低活性的周质或细胞内来源的 1,4-β-葡萄糖苷酶。开发了一种旋转粘度计法来测量培养物（发酵液和固体）的总内切 1,4-β-葡聚糖酶活性。通过这种方法，不仅可以在培养物的上清液中，而且可以在菌丝体表面或吸附在残留的 Avicel 上测定内切 1,4-β-葡聚糖酶活性。在 70 升分批培养青霉的过程中，测量了残留和新添加的 10% Avicel 对内切 1,4-β-葡聚糖酶的吸附。发现可溶性蛋白和内切 1,4-β-葡聚糖酶被 Avicel 的吸附在很大程度上与 pH 值无关，但与温度有关。
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