Constantine Niel T, Kabat William, Zhao Richard Y
Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201-1192, USA.
Cell Res. 2005 Nov-Dec;15(11-12):870-6. doi: 10.1038/sj.cr.7290361.
In China, the estimated number of HIV infected cases is approaching one million. Although public education has been initiated for awareness and behavioral modification for this devastating infection, better diagnostic methods are needed to identify infected persons and manage infection. Simple and more accurate diagnostic tools have become available, particularly for early detection and to monitor treatment in those who receive anti-retroviral treatment. In this short review, we summarize some of the common and new methodologies that can be used in clinical laboratories, in the field, or in private laboratories. These range from simple antibody tests to more sophistical methods that are used to monitor disease progression and identify drug resistance. These tools can assist physicians, medical practitioners, and laboratory personnel to select suitable diagnostic tools for the diagnosis, blood screening, monitoring of disease progression, and for detection of drug resistance to anti-retroviral therapies.
在中国，估计艾滋病病毒感染病例数已接近100万。尽管已经开展了公众教育，以提高对这种毁灭性感染的认识并改变行为，但仍需要更好的诊断方法来识别感染者并管理感染情况。现已出现了简单且更准确的诊断工具，特别是用于早期检测以及监测接受抗逆转录病毒治疗者的治疗情况。在这篇简短的综述中，我们总结了一些可用于临床实验室、现场或私人实验室的常见和新方法。这些方法从简单的抗体检测到用于监测疾病进展和识别耐药性的更复杂方法不等。这些工具可帮助医生、医疗从业者和实验室人员选择合适的诊断工具，用于诊断、血液筛查、监测疾病进展以及检测对抗逆转录病毒疗法的耐药性。
