French S A, Jeffery R W, Forster J L
University of Minnesota, Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, 1300 South Second Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454-1015, USA.
Obes Res. 1994 Mar;2(2):135-44. doi: 10.1002/j.1550-8528.1994.tb00639.x.
The present study prospectively examined changes in dietary intake, physical activity and weight associated with self-reported efforts to lose weight in a cohort of 3671 men and women sampled from the general population. Dieting efforts, dietary intake, physical activity and weight were measured at two points in time, 24 months apart. At baseline, current dieters reported consuming fewer dairy products, sweets, meat, soft drinks and fried potatoes (all p's < .0001), and engaging more frequently in high-intensity physical activity (p < .0001) than those not currently dieting. At follow-up, current dieters reported consuming fewer sweets (p < .0001) and fried potatoes (p < .0008), and engaging more frequently in moderate-intensity physical activity (p < .02) than those not currently dieting. Prospectively, those who initiated weight-loss diets showed the largest decrease in consumption of sweets (p < .0001), soft drinks (p < .0001), and fried potatoes (p < .01), and increase in frequency of high-intensity physical activity (p < .0001) and moderate-intensity physical activity (p < .007). Those initiating weight-loss diets were the only group to lose weight (1 lb.). Those dieting at baseline but not at follow-up gained the most weight (4 lbs.). Self-reports of current dieting correspond to reported changes in dietary intake and physical activity, and to measured changes in weight over the same time period. Individuals who report dieting to lose weight have healthier eating and exercise patterns than those who do not report dieting.
本研究前瞻性地调查了从普通人群中抽取的3671名男性和女性队列中，与自我报告的减肥努力相关的饮食摄入、身体活动和体重变化。在相隔24个月的两个时间点测量节食努力、饮食摄入、身体活动和体重。在基线时，与当前未节食者相比，当前节食者报告食用的乳制品、甜食、肉类、软饮料和炸土豆较少（所有p值<0.0001），且更频繁地进行高强度身体活动（p<0.0001）。在随访时，与当前未节食者相比，当前节食者报告食用的甜食较少（p<0.0001）和炸土豆较少（p<0.0008），且更频繁地进行中等强度身体活动（p<0.02）。前瞻性地看，开始减肥饮食的人甜食（p<0.0001）、软饮料（p<0.0001）和炸土豆（p<0.01）的摄入量下降幅度最大，高强度身体活动（p<0.0001）和中等强度身体活动的频率增加（p<0.007）。开始减肥饮食的人是唯一体重减轻的组（1磅）。在基线时节食但在随访时不节食的人增重最多（4磅）。当前节食的自我报告与饮食摄入和身体活动的报告变化以及同一时期测量的体重变化相对应。报告为减肥而节食的个体比未报告节食的个体有更健康的饮食和运动模式。
