Kwong J S, Müller N L, Miller R R
Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Radiographics. 1992 Jul;12(4):645-57. doi: 10.1148/radiographics.12.4.1636031.
This article presents the computed tomographic (CT) features of the most common abnormalities of the trachea and main-stem bronchi and correlates CT and pathologic findings. The abnormalities are classified into focal and diffuse. Focal disease tends to produce a decreased airway diameter, whereas diffuse diseases are divided into those that increase the airway diameter and those that decrease it. Conventional CT with 10-mm collimation was performed in 36 patients to assess their condition. Additional dynamic incremental thin-section (1.5-5.0-mm collimation) CT was performed in patients with focal abnormalities. Findings from conventional CT correlated closely with those from pathologic analysis of specimens from patients with diffuse disease, but dynamic thin-section scans are necessary for optimal assessment of focal abnormalities. CT demonstrates the location and extent of disease; helps characterize abnormal tissues; helps evaluate the thickness of the tracheal and bronchial walls; and helps determine the extent of extraluminal disease, including the presence of mediastinal extension and lymphadenopathy.
本文介绍了气管和主支气管最常见异常的计算机断层扫描（CT）特征，并将CT与病理结果进行了关联。这些异常分为局灶性和弥漫性。局灶性疾病往往导致气道直径减小，而弥漫性疾病则分为使气道直径增加的疾病和使气道直径减小的疾病。对36例患者进行了10毫米准直的常规CT检查以评估其病情。对局灶性异常患者进行了额外的动态增量薄层（1.5 - 5.0毫米准直）CT检查。常规CT的结果与弥漫性疾病患者标本的病理分析结果密切相关，但动态薄层扫描对于局灶性异常的最佳评估是必要的。CT可显示疾病的位置和范围；有助于表征异常组织；有助于评估气管和支气管壁的厚度；并有助于确定管腔外疾病的范围，包括纵隔扩展和淋巴结病的存在。
