Tsutsumi Hiroyuki
Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.
Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 2005 Nov;79(11):857-63. doi: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.79.857.
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common worldwide cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRI) in infants less than 12 months of age. RSV isolates can be divided into group A and B. In addition, there were many genotypes within each group, and these genotypes have evolved global setting with temporal and geographic clustering. Many cellular genes encoding cytokines and chemokines which are activated by RSV infection has now been focused for the elucidation of pathophysiology of RSV LRI. The prophylaxis against RSV infection by vaccination has been unsuccessful because of its adverse effects. No valuable anti-RSV drugs for clinical use have been yet developed. Therefore RSV LRI has been treated mainly symptomatically. Recently humanized anti-RSV F protein monoclonal antibody was developed and prescribed for prevention in high-risk infants such as premature ones and those with chronic lung and congenital heart diseases. It reduced the incidence of hospitalization significantly.
人呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是全球范围内12个月以下婴儿下呼吸道感染（LRI）最常见的病因。RSV毒株可分为A组和B组。此外，每组内有许多基因型，并且这些基因型在全球范围内随着时间和地理聚集而进化。许多编码因RSV感染而被激活的细胞因子和趋化因子的细胞基因，目前已成为阐明RSV-LRI病理生理学的重点。由于疫苗接种的不良反应，预防RSV感染未取得成功。尚未开发出有临床应用价值的抗RSV药物。因此，RSV-LRI主要进行对症治疗。最近，人源化抗RSV F蛋白单克隆抗体被开发出来，并被用于预防高危婴儿，如早产儿以及患有慢性肺病和先天性心脏病的婴儿。它显著降低了住院率。
