Perkins Kenneth A, Fonte Carolyn, Stolinski Amy, Blakesley-Ball Richard, Wilson Annette S
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213, USA.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2005 Nov;13(4):275-81. doi: 10.1037/1064-1297.13.4.275.
Caffeine may acutely alter the discriminative stimulus and subjective effects of nicotine, perhaps explaining the association of coffee intake with smoking status. In this study, smokers were initially trained to discriminate 20 microg/kg nicotine by nasal spray from placebo (0). Then, generalization of nicotine discrimination was tested, using both 2- and 3-choice ("novel" option) procedures, across a range of doses (0-20 microg/kg) following pretreatment with 0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/kg caffeine p.o. Nicotine reinforcement was assessed after the end of generalization testing using a choice procedure. Caffeine pretreatment did not alter nicotine discrimination and self-administration. Caffeine and nicotine influenced some subjective and cardiovascular responses, but there were no interaction effects except for diastolic blood pressure. These results do not support the notion that caffeine acutely alters nicotine's discriminative stimulus, subjective, or reinforcing effects.
咖啡因可能会急性改变尼古丁的辨别刺激和主观效应，这或许可以解释咖啡摄入量与吸烟状况之间的关联。在本研究中，吸烟者最初接受训练，通过鼻喷雾剂辨别20微克/千克尼古丁与安慰剂（0）。然后，在口服0、2.5和5.0毫克/千克咖啡因预处理后，使用2选和3选（“新”选项）程序，在一系列剂量（0 - 20微克/千克）范围内测试尼古丁辨别泛化情况。在泛化测试结束后，使用选择程序评估尼古丁强化情况。咖啡因预处理并未改变尼古丁辨别和自我给药情况。咖啡因和尼古丁影响了一些主观和心血管反应，但除舒张压外没有交互作用。这些结果不支持咖啡因会急性改变尼古丁的辨别刺激、主观或强化效应这一观点。
