Evans Karla K, Treisman Anne
Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1010, USA.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2005 Dec;31(6):1476-92. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.31.6.1476.
Studies have suggested attention-free semantic processing of natural scenes in which concurrent tasks leave category detection unimpaired (e.g., F. Li, R. VanRullen, C. Koch, & P. Perona, 2002). Could this ability reflect detection of disjunctive feature sets rather than high-level binding? Participants detected an animal target in a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) sequence and then reported its identity and location. They frequently failed to identify or to localize targets that they had correctly detected, suggesting that detection was based only on partial processing. Detection of targets was considerably worse in sequences that also contained humans, presumably because of shared features. When 2 targets were presented in RSVP, a prolonged attentional blink appeared that was almost eliminated when both targets were detected without being identified. The results suggest rapid feature analysis mediating detection, followed by attention-demanding binding for identification and localization.
研究表明，在自然场景中存在无需注意力的语义处理，即同时进行的任务不会损害类别检测（例如，F. 李、R. 范鲁伦、C. 科赫和P. 佩罗纳，2002年）。这种能力能否反映对分离特征集的检测，而非高级别的绑定？参与者在快速序列视觉呈现（RSVP）序列中检测动物目标，然后报告其身份和位置。他们经常无法识别或定位已正确检测到的目标，这表明检测仅基于部分处理。在同样包含人类的序列中，目标检测明显更差，可能是因为存在共同特征。当在RSVP中呈现两个目标时，会出现延长的注意瞬脱现象，而当两个目标在未被识别的情况下被检测到时，这种现象几乎消失。结果表明，快速特征分析介导检测，随后是需要注意力的绑定以进行识别和定位。
