tau外显子10的可变剪接及其调控蛋白CLK2和TRA2-β1在散发性阿尔茨海默病中发生变化。
The alternative splicing of tau exon 10 and its regulatory proteins CLK2 and TRA2-BETA1 changes in sporadic Alzheimer's disease.
作者信息
Glatz Daniela C, Rujescu Dan, Tang Yesheng, Berendt Frank J, Hartmann Annette M, Faltraco Frank, Rosenberg Carlyn, Hulette Christine, Jellinger Kurt, Hampel Harald, Riederer Peter, Möller Hans-J, Andreadis Athena, Henkel Kerstin, Stamm Stefan
机构信息
Molecular and Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
出版信息
J Neurochem. 2006 Feb;96(3):635-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03552.x. Epub 2005 Dec 20.
Pathological inclusions containing fibrillar aggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau protein are a characteristic feature in tauopathies, which include Alzheimer's disease (AD). Tau is a microtubule-associated protein whose transcript undergoes alternative splicing in the brain. Exon 10 encodes one of four microtubule-binding repeats. Exon 10 inclusion gives rise to tau protein isoforms containing four microtubule-binding repeats (4R) whereas exclusion leads to isoforms containing only three repeats (3R). The ratio between 3R and 4R isoforms is tightly controlled via alternative splicing in the human adult nervous system and distortion of this balance results in neurodegeneration. Previous studies showed that several splicing regulators, among them hTRA2-beta1 and CLK2, regulate exon 10 alternative splicing. Like most splicing factors, htra2-beta and clk2 pre-mRNAs are regulated by alternative splicing. Here, we investigated whether human postmortem brain tissue of AD patients reveal differences in alternative splicing patterns of the tau, htra2-beta, presenilin 2 and clk2 genes when compared with age-matched controls. We found that the splicing patterns of all four genes are altered in affected brain areas of sporadic AD patients. In these affected areas, the amount of mRNAs of tau isoforms including exon 10, the htra2-beta1 isoform and an inactive form of clk2 are significantly increased. These findings suggest that a misregulation of alternative splicing seems to contribute to sporadic AD.
含有高度磷酸化tau蛋白纤维状聚集体的病理性包涵体是tau蛋白病的一个特征性表现,tau蛋白病包括阿尔茨海默病(AD)。Tau是一种与微管相关的蛋白,其转录本在大脑中进行可变剪接。外显子10编码四个微管结合重复序列之一。外显子10的包含导致含有四个微管结合重复序列(4R)的tau蛋白异构体产生,而排除则导致仅含有三个重复序列(3R)的异构体。在人类成人神经系统中,3R和4R异构体之间的比例通过可变剪接受到严格控制,这种平衡的失调会导致神经退行性变。先前的研究表明,几种剪接调节因子,包括hTRA2-β1和CLK2,调节外显子10的可变剪接。与大多数剪接因子一样,htra2-β和clk2前体mRNA也受到可变剪接的调节。在这里,我们研究了与年龄匹配的对照相比,AD患者的人类死后脑组织在tau、htra2-β、早老素2和clk2基因的可变剪接模式上是否存在差异。我们发现,散发性AD患者受影响脑区中所有四个基因的剪接模式均发生改变。在这些受影响区域,包括外显子10的tau异构体、htra2-β1异构体和clk2无活性形式的mRNA量显著增加。这些发现表明,可变剪接的失调似乎促成了散发性AD。