Opal Steven M, Cross Alan S
Infectious Disease Division, Brown Medical School, Providence, RI 02860, USA.
Shock. 2005 Dec;24 Suppl 1:64-70. doi: 10.1097/01.shk.0000191335.93412.3e.
Although it is generally understood that no single animal model truly reflects human sepsis, the study of sepsis in immunocompromised animals is highly relevant to human sepsis research. The majority of patients with severe sepsis have significant underlying diseases that may alter innate immune defenses, disrupt microbial clearance mechanisms, and complicate the pathophysiology of human sepsis. Septic shock itself has significant effects upon the innate and adaptive host immune responses that may contribute to a state of sepsis-induced immune dysregulation. A number of animal models of sepsis displaying an array of immunocompromised states are now available. Most of these systems are small animal models with genetically defined defects of immune defenses or acquired defects from receipt of immunosuppressive or myeloablative agents. Greater emphasis should be placed on preclinical models of immunocompromised animals in the future to assess the potential clinical utility of novel drugs for human septic shock.
尽管人们普遍认为没有单一的动物模型能真正反映人类脓毒症，但在免疫受损动物中进行脓毒症研究与人类脓毒症研究高度相关。大多数严重脓毒症患者都有严重的基础疾病，这些疾病可能会改变固有免疫防御、破坏微生物清除机制，并使人类脓毒症的病理生理学变得复杂。脓毒性休克本身对宿主的固有免疫和适应性免疫反应有显著影响，这可能导致脓毒症诱导的免疫失调状态。现在有许多呈现一系列免疫受损状态的脓毒症动物模型。这些模型大多是小动物模型，具有基因定义的免疫防御缺陷或因接受免疫抑制或清髓性药物而获得的缺陷。未来应更加重视免疫受损动物的临床前模型，以评估新型药物对人类脓毒性休克的潜在临床效用。
