Yi J-M, Kim H-S
Division of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, Korea.
Arch Virol. 2006 Jun;151(6):1107-16. doi: 10.1007/s00705-005-0701-z. Epub 2006 Jan 3.
More than 50 copies of HERV-E family elements have been estimated to exist in the human genome. Here we examined the recent evolutionary history of the HERV-E family by a PCR approach using genomic DNA from hominoid primates and a human monochromosomal panel. From the HERV-E family, 25 and 68 env fragments, were identified and analyzed from hominoid primates and human chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, X, and Y, respectively. They showed 76.7-99.6% sequence similarity to that of HERV-E (accession no. M10976). Phylogenetic analysis of HERV-E env family distinctively divided into two groups (groups I and II) that each contained three subgroups. Divergence times of the two groups were estimated as 10.7 MYr for group I and 41.3 MYr for group II using an average evolutionary rate of 0.3% per MYr. These data are consistent with that of PCR analysis, which showed a band of the HERV-E family in the genomes of the hominoids, Old World monkeys, and New World monkeys. Therefore, the HERV-E family may have integrated into the primate genome after prosimians and New World monkeys diverged. Then they proliferated extensively in the genome of humans and great apes during primate evolution.
据估计，人类基因组中存在50多个HERV-E家族元件拷贝。在这里，我们通过PCR方法，利用类人猿灵长类动物的基因组DNA和人类单染色体组，研究了HERV-E家族的近期进化史。从HERV-E家族中，分别从类人猿灵长类动物以及人类1、2、3、4、6、7、8、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、19、X和Y染色体中鉴定并分析了25个和68个env片段。它们与HERV-E（登录号M10976）的序列相似性为76.7%-99.6%。HERV-E env家族的系统发育分析明显分为两组（第一组和第二组），每组包含三个亚组。使用平均每百万年0.3%的进化速率，估计两组的分歧时间分别为第一组1070万年和第二组4130万年。这些数据与PCR分析结果一致，PCR分析显示在类人猿、旧世界猴和新世界猴的基因组中存在HERV-E家族的条带。因此，HERV-E家族可能在原猴亚目动物和新世界猴分化后整合到灵长类动物基因组中。然后在灵长类动物进化过程中，它们在人类和大猩猩的基因组中广泛增殖。
