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中国典型农田土壤中低密度聚乙烯薄膜残留的污染特征及降解行为

Contamination characteristics and degradation behavior of low-density polyethylene film residues in typical farmland soils of China.

作者信息

Xu Gang, Wang Qunhui, Gu Qingbao, Cao Yunzhe, DU Xiaoming, Li Fasheng

机构信息

Department of Soil Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, P.R., China.

出版信息

J Environ Sci Health B. 2006;41(2):189-99. doi: 10.1080/03601230500365069.

Abstract

Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film residues left in farmlands due to agricultural activities were extensively investigated to evaluate the present pollution situation by selecting the typical areas with LDPE film application, including Harbin, Baoding, and Handan of China. The survey results demonstrated that the film residues were ubiquitous within the investigated areas and the amount reached 2,400-8,200 g ha(-1). Breakage rates of the film residues were almost at the same level in the studied fields. There were relatively small amounts of film residues remaining in neighboring farmland fields without application of LDPE film. The studies showed that the sheets of LDPE residues had the same oxidative deterioration, which was probably due to photodegradation instead of biodegradation. The higher molecular weight components of the LDPE film gradually decreased, which were reflected by the appearance of some small flakes detached from the film bodies. LDPE films in the investigated fields gradually deteriorated and the decomposing levels developed with their left time increasing. The degradation behaviors of LDPE films were confirmed by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopic (SEM), and gel permeation chromatography analyses.

摘要

通过选择中国哈尔滨、保定和邯郸等使用低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)薄膜的典型地区,对农业活动留在农田中的LDPE薄膜残留进行了广泛调查,以评估当前的污染状况。调查结果表明,在所调查的区域内薄膜残留普遍存在,数量达到2400 - 8200克/公顷。在所研究的田地中,薄膜残留的破损率几乎处于同一水平。在未使用LDPE薄膜的相邻农田中残留的薄膜数量相对较少。研究表明,LDPE残留片材具有相同的氧化降解情况,这可能是由于光降解而非生物降解所致。LDPE薄膜中较高分子量的组分逐渐减少,这从一些从薄膜主体脱落的小薄片的出现得到体现。所调查田地中的LDPE薄膜逐渐降解,且随着留存时间的增加,分解程度不断加深。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和凝胶渗透色谱分析证实了LDPE薄膜的降解行为。

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