Khruengsai Sarunpron, Sripahco Teerapong, Pripdeevech Patcharee
School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.
Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS), Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Jul 23;7(8):594. doi: 10.3390/jof7080594.
Accumulated plastic waste in the environment is a serious problem that poses an ecological threat. Plastic waste has been reduced by initiating and applying different alternative methods from several perspectives, including fungal treatment. Biodegradation of 30 fungi from Thailand were screened in mineral salt medium agar containing low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films. , , , and were found to grow significantly by culturing with LDPE film as the only sole carbon source compared to those obtained from . These fungi were further cultured in mineral salt medium broth containing LDPE film as the sole carbon source for 90 days. The biodegradation ability of these fungi was evaluated from the amount of CO and enzyme production. Different amounts of CO were released from , , , , and culturing with LDPE film, ranging from 0.45 to 1.45, 0.36 to 1.22, 0.45 to 1.45, 0.33 to 1.26, and 0.37 to 1.27 g/L, respectively. These fungi were able to secrete a large amount of laccase enzyme compared to manganese peroxidase, and lignin peroxidase enzymes detected under the same conditions. The degradation of LDPE films by culturing with these fungi was further determined. LDPE films cultured with , , , , and showed weight loss of 43.90%, 46.34%, 48.78%, 45.12%, and 28.78%, respectively. The tensile strength of LDPE films cultured with , , , , and also reduced significantly by 1.56, 1.78, 0.43, 1.86, and 3.34 MPa, respectively. The results from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) reveal an increasing carbonyl index in LDPE films culturing with these fungi, especially Analysis of LDPE films using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the biodegradation by the presence of morphological changes such as cracks, scions, and holes on the surface of the film. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from LDPE films cultured with these fungi were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). VOCs such as 1,3-dimethoxy-benzene, 1,3-dimethoxy-5-(1-methylethyl)-benzene, and 1,1-dimethoxy-decane were detected among these fungi. Overall, these fungi have the ability to break down and consume the LDPE film. The fungus is a promising resource for the biodegradation of LDPE which may be further applied in plastic degradation systems based on fungi.
环境中累积的塑料垃圾是一个严重问题，构成了生态威胁。通过从多个角度启动并应用不同的替代方法，包括真菌处理，塑料垃圾已有所减少。在含有低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）薄膜的矿物盐培养基琼脂中筛选了来自泰国的30种真菌的生物降解能力。与从……获得的相比，发现……、……、……和……在以LDPE薄膜作为唯一碳源进行培养时显著生长。将这些真菌进一步在以LDPE薄膜作为唯一碳源的矿物盐培养基肉汤中培养90天。根据二氧化碳的量和酶的产生来评估这些真菌的生物降解能力。……、……、……、……和……在与LDPE薄膜培养时释放出不同量的二氧化碳，分别为0.45至1.45、0.36至1.22、0.45至1.45、0.33至1.26和0.37至1.27克/升。与在相同条件下检测到的锰过氧化物酶和木质素过氧化物酶相比，这些真菌能够分泌大量漆酶。进一步测定了用这些真菌培养对LDPE薄膜的降解情况。用……、……、……、……和……培养的LDPE薄膜的重量损失分别为43.90%、46.34%、48.78%、45.12%和28.78%。用……、……、……、……和……培养的LDPE薄膜的拉伸强度也分别显著降低了1.56、1.78、0.43、1.86和3.34兆帕。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）的结果表明，在用这些真菌培养的LDPE薄膜中羰基指数增加，尤其是……。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对LDPE薄膜进行分析，通过薄膜表面出现的诸如裂缝、接穗和孔洞等形态变化证实了生物降解。通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC - MS）分析了用这些真菌培养的LDPE薄膜释放的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）。在这些真菌中检测到了诸如1,3 - 二甲氧基 - 苯、1,3 - 二甲氧基 - 5 - （1 - 甲基乙基） - 苯和1,1 - 二甲氧基 - 癸烷等VOCs。总体而言，这些真菌具有分解和消耗LDPE薄膜的能力。……真菌是LDPE生物降解的一种有前途的资源，可能会进一步应用于基于真菌的塑料降解系统。
