Light K C, Turner J R, Hinderliter A L
Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7175.
Hypertension. 1992 Aug;20(2):214-8. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.20.2.214.
The effect of high job strain (defined as high psychological demands plus low decision latitude at work) on blood pressure was determined in 129 healthy, nonhypertensive men (n = 65) and women (n = 64). Blood pressure measures included mean screening levels obtained in a clinical environment, mean ambulatory levels from one 8-hour workday, and the change in levels from screening to mean work levels. In male workers, men with high and low job strain showed similar blood pressures at screening, but men with high job strain showed greater increases from screening to work, resulting in higher mean work blood pressure. Occupational status was unrelated to job strain or blood pressure in men. In female workers, women with high and low job strain did not differ in any measure of blood pressure; however, there were trends for higher occupational status and greater skill discretion to be associated with higher blood pressure responses at work in women.
在129名健康的非高血压男性（n = 65）和女性（n = 64）中，研究了高工作压力（定义为高心理需求加上低工作决策自由度）对血压的影响。血压测量包括在临床环境中获得的平均筛查水平、一个8小时工作日的平均动态血压水平，以及从筛查水平到平均工作水平的血压变化。在男性工作者中，高工作压力和低工作压力的男性在筛查时血压相似，但高工作压力的男性从筛查到工作时血压升高幅度更大，导致平均工作血压更高。职业地位与男性的工作压力或血压无关。在女性工作者中，高工作压力和低工作压力的女性在任何血压测量指标上都没有差异；然而，有趋势表明，较高的职业地位和更大的技能自主权与女性工作时更高的血压反应相关。
