Nelder Mark P, McCreadie John W, Beard Charles E
Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688-0002, USA.
Mycologia. 2005 Mar-Apr;97(2):338-45. doi: 10.3852/mycologia.97.2.338.
Smittium, the most speciose genus of the "gut fungi" (Zygomycota: Trichomycetes), is found attached to the hindgut cuticle of larval aquatic Diptera. Smittium spp. colonize several host families (e.g., Smittium culisetae in Chironomidae, Culicidae and Simuliidae), but some species appear to be specific to a single host family (e.g., Smittium morbosum Sweeney in Culicidae). The specificity of Smittium spp. within a host family has been difficult to resolve. This research presents evidence that certain Smittium spp. differentially colonize particular species of black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) hosts as measured by differences in prevalence, abundance and fecundity. Reasons for this differential occurrence and fecundity in hosts are unclear but might include fungal responses to variations in host morphology, physiology, distribution or behavior. Variable fitness of Smittium spp., within a suite of available hosts, could be a factor in the diversity of this fungal group.
斯米特菌属是“肠道真菌”（接合菌门：毛菌纲）中种类最多的属，附着于水生双翅目幼虫的后肠角质层上。斯米特菌属定殖于多个宿主科（例如，摇蚊科、蚊科和蚋科中的库利氏斯米特菌），但有些物种似乎特定于单个宿主科（例如，蚊科中的致病斯米特菌 斯威尼种）。斯米特菌属在宿主科内的特异性一直难以确定。本研究提供了证据，表明某些斯米特菌属通过患病率、丰度和繁殖力的差异，以不同方式定殖于蚋（双翅目：蚋科）宿主的特定物种。宿主中这种差异发生和繁殖力的原因尚不清楚，但可能包括真菌对宿主形态、生理、分布或行为变化的反应。在一系列可用宿主中，斯米特菌属的适应性差异可能是该真菌类群多样性的一个因素。
