Schmitt Imke, Mueller Gregory, Lumbsch H Thorsten
Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605, USA.
Mycologia. 2005 Mar-Apr;97(2):362-74. doi: 10.3852/mycologia.97.2.362.
The phylogenetic relationships of many lichen-forming perithecioid ascomycetes are unknown. We generated nuLSU and mtSSU rDNA sequences of members of seven families of pyrenocarpous lichens and used a Bayesian framework to infer a phylogenetic estimate. Members of the perithecioid Protothelenellaceae, Thelenellaceae and Thrombiaceae surprisingly cluster within the mainly discocarpous Lecanoromycetes, while Strigulaceae, Verrucariaceae and Pyrenulaceae are related to the ascolocular Chaetothyriomycetes. Micromorphological studies of the ascomata showed that the two main groups of pyrenocarpous lichen-forming fungi differ in their ascus types. The Strigulaceae, Verrucariaceae and Pyrenulaceae have apically and laterally thick-walled asci, whereas the Thelenellaceae, Protothelenellaceae and Thrombiaceae have only apically thickened asci. The latter two show ring-shaped amyloid apical structures. Based on morphological and molecular evidence we propose to reduce Thrombiaceae to synonymy with Protothelenellaceae.
许多形成地衣的子囊盘状子囊菌的系统发育关系尚不清楚。我们生成了七个子囊盘状地衣科成员的核 LSU 和线粒体 SSU rDNA 序列，并使用贝叶斯框架来推断系统发育估计。令人惊讶的是，子囊盘状的原小衣科、小衣科和血栓衣科成员聚集在主要为盘状子囊菌的茶渍菌纲内，而刺盘衣科、疣衣科和红盘衣科则与子囊腔的座囊菌纲有关。子囊盘的微观形态学研究表明，两类主要的子囊盘状地衣形成真菌在子囊类型上有所不同。刺盘衣科、疣衣科和红盘衣科具有顶端和侧面壁增厚的子囊，而小衣科、原小衣科和血栓衣科仅具有顶端增厚的子囊。后两者显示出环形淀粉质顶端结构。基于形态学和分子证据，我们建议将血栓衣科归并为原小衣科的同义词。
