Keltner Norman L
School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
J Nurs Scholarsh. 2005;37(4):322-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.2005.00056.x.
(a) to summarize genomic influences in schizophrenia, (b) to review the molecular genetic profile associated with schizophrenia, (c) to summarize the genetic factors affecting dopamine and serotonin neurotransmitter systems, and (d) to list nursing implications for this knowledge.
Schizophrenia and schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, both clustered in families, arise from both genetic and environmental influences. Schizophrenia does not develop from a single genetic mutation but rather from many genetic alterations acting together.
Studies focused on genetic polymorphisms of neurotransmitter systems pique nurses' interest because pharmacological interventions affecting those systems remain the primary approach to treatment. Atypical antipsychotics have in common the ability to antagonize dopaminergic and serotonergic receptors. This review includes the recent discoveries regarding genetic modifications affecting dopamine and serotonin neurotransmitter systems and their potential as a basis for treatment.
（a）总结基因组对精神分裂症的影响；（b）回顾与精神分裂症相关的分子遗传学特征；（c）总结影响多巴胺和5-羟色胺神经递质系统的遗传因素；（d）列出基于这些知识的护理要点。
精神分裂症和精神分裂症谱系障碍在家族中呈聚集性，由遗传和环境因素共同导致。精神分裂症并非由单一基因突变引起，而是多种基因改变共同作用的结果。
针对神经递质系统基因多态性的研究引起了护士们的兴趣，因为影响这些系统的药物干预仍然是主要的治疗方法。非典型抗精神病药物的共同特点是能够拮抗多巴胺能和5-羟色胺能受体。本综述涵盖了有关影响多巴胺和5-羟色胺神经递质系统的基因修饰及其作为治疗基础的潜力的最新发现。
