McClincy Michael P, Lovell Mark R, Pardini Jamie, Collins Michael W, Spore Molly K
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Brain Inj. 2006 Jan;20(1):33-9. doi: 10.1080/02699050500309817.
Neuropsychological testing is a valuable tool in concussion diagnosis and management. ImPACT, a computerized neuropsychological testing program, consists of eight cognitive tasks and a 21-item symptom inventory.
ImPACT was used to examine the cognitive performance of 104 concussed athletes at baseline, 2, 7 and 14 days post-injury. Dependent measures included composite scores from the ImPACT computerized test battery, as well as a total symptom score from the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale.
Differences between baseline and day 2 post-injury scores were observed for all ImPACT composites (Verbal memory-VERM, visual memory-VISM, processing speed-PROC and reaction time-RT) as well as in total symptom score (SX). At day 7, concussed athletes continued to perform significantly poorer on VERM, VISM, RT and SX. At day 14, only VERM scores were significantly different from baseline.
Cognitive performance deficits in concussed athletes may persist to 7 and even to 14 days in some cases. In addition to symptom status, the athlete's post-concussion cognitive functioning should be considered when making return-to-play decisions.
神经心理学测试是脑震荡诊断和管理中的一项重要工具。ImPACT是一种计算机化神经心理学测试程序，由八项认知任务和一份包含21个条目的症状清单组成。
使用ImPACT对104名脑震荡运动员在受伤后基线、第2天、第7天和第14天的认知表现进行检查。相关测量指标包括ImPACT计算机化测试组合的综合得分，以及脑震荡症状量表的总症状得分。
所有ImPACT组合（言语记忆-VERM、视觉记忆-VISM、处理速度-PROC和反应时间-RT）以及总症状得分（SX）在基线和受伤后第2天的得分之间均存在差异。在第7天，脑震荡运动员在VERM、VISM、RT和SX方面的表现仍然显著较差。在第14天，只有VERM得分与基线存在显著差异。
脑震荡运动员的认知表现缺陷可能会持续到7天，在某些情况下甚至会持续到14天。在做出重返比赛的决定时，除了症状状况外，还应考虑运动员脑震荡后的认知功能。
