Kim Jae-Hwan, Oh Ju-Hyung, Song Ji-Hoon, Jeon Jin-Tae, Han Sang-Hyun, Jung Yong-Hwan, Oh Moon-You
Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Cheju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea.
Mol Cells. 2005 Dec 31;20(3):325-30.
Ancient cattle bones were excavated from archaeological sites in Jeju, Korea. We used molecular genetic techniques to identify the species and establish its relationship to extant cattle breeds. Ancient DNA was extracted from four sources: a humerus (Gonae site, A.D. 700-800), two fragments of radius, and a tooth (Kwakji site, A.D. 0-900). The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop regions were cloned, sequenced, and compared with previously reported sequences of various cattle breeds (9 Asian, 8 European, and 3 African). The results revealed that these bones were of the breed, Bos taurus, and a phylogenetic tree indicated that the four cattle bones formed a monophyletic group with Jeju native black cattle. However, the patterns of sequence variation and reports from archaeological sites suggest that a few wild cattle, with a different maternal lineage, may have existed on Jeju Island. Our results will contribute to further studies of the origin of Jeju native cattle and the possible existence of local wild cattle.
古代牛骨是从韩国济州岛的考古遗址发掘出来的。我们使用分子遗传学技术来鉴定物种，并确定其与现存牛品种的关系。古代DNA从四个来源提取：一根肱骨（古内里遗址，公元700 - 800年）、两块桡骨碎片和一颗牙齿（夸吉遗址，公元0 - 900年）。对线粒体DNA（mtDNA）D环区域进行克隆、测序，并与先前报道的各种牛品种（9个亚洲品种、8个欧洲品种和3个非洲品种）的序列进行比较。结果表明，这些骨头属于黄牛品种，系统发育树显示这四根牛骨与济州本地黑牛形成一个单系群。然而，序列变异模式和考古遗址报告表明，济州岛可能存在一些具有不同母系血统的野生牛。我们的结果将有助于进一步研究济州本地牛的起源以及当地野生牛可能的存在情况。
