Idinger Jacqueline, Coja Tamara, Blümel Sylvia
Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Institute for Plant Health, Spargelfeldstrasse 191, A-1226 Vienna, Austria.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2006 Sep;65(1):1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2005.03.006.
Both lethal and sublethal effects of the benzoxazoid 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIMBOA), the degradation products 6-methoxy-benzoxazolin-2(3H)-one (MBOA), 2-amino-7-methoxy-(3H)-phenoxazin-3-one (AMPO), and 2-acetylamino-7-methoxy-3(H)-phenoxazin-3-one (AAMPO) and the structure-related compounds 2-methoxy-N-(2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3yl)acet-2'=6'-xylidide (oxadixyl), and O,O-diethyl S-[6-chloro-2-oxobenzoxazolin-3-yl)methyl]phosphorodithioate (phosalone) on the collembola Folsomia candida and on the carabid beetle Poecilus cupreus (except phosalone) were determined. Validated laboratory standard methods including reference and control treatments were applied in compliance with prescribed validity criteria. A risk assessment according to the EPPO risk assessment scheme for plant protection products (2003) was carried out. DIMBOA, MBOA, AMPO, AAMPO, and oxadixyl were classified as low-risk compounds for both test organisms. The reference compounds methyl-m-hydroxy-carbanilate-methyl-carbanilate (phenmedipham) and O,O-dimethyl S-[2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl]phosphoro-dithioate (dimethoate) were of low and medium risk respectively, to F. candida, but final assessment of the risk to P. cupreus requires further testing. Phosalone was of high risk to F. candida. The results obtained suggest that neither DIMBOA nor the tested degradation products pose a risk to either nontarget soil organism in the field.
测定了苯并恶唑类化合物2,4 - 二羟基 - 7 - 甲氧基 -（2H）- 1,4 - 苯并恶嗪 - 3（4H）- 酮（DIMBOA）、降解产物6 - 甲氧基 - 苯并恶唑啉 - 2（3H）- 酮（MBOA）、2 - 氨基 - 7 - 甲氧基 -（3H）- 吩恶嗪 - 3 - 酮（AMPO）和2 - 乙酰氨基 - 7 - 甲氧基 - 3（H）- 吩恶嗪 - 3 - 酮（AAMPO）以及结构相关化合物2 - 甲氧基 - N -（2 - 氧代 - 1,3 - 恶唑烷 - 3 - 基）乙酰 - 2' = 6'- 二甲基苯胺（恶霜灵）和O,O - 二乙基S - [6 - 氯 - 2 - 氧代苯并恶唑啉 - 3 - 基）甲基]二硫代磷酸酯（伏杀硫磷）对弹尾目昆虫白符跳及步甲科昆虫铜绿步甲（伏杀硫磷除外）的致死和亚致死效应。采用了经过验证的实验室标准方法，包括参考处理和对照处理，并符合规定的有效性标准。根据欧洲和地中海植物保护组织（EPPO）植物保护产品风险评估方案（2003年）进行了风险评估。DIMBOA、MBOA、AMPO、AAMPO和恶霜灵对两种受试生物均被归类为低风险化合物。参考化合物间 - 羟基 - 甲基 - 氨基甲酸酯 - 甲基氨基甲酸酯（甜菜宁）和O,O - 二甲基S - [2 -（甲氨基）- 2 - 氧代乙基]二硫代磷酸酯（乐果）对白符跳分别为低风险和中等风险，但对铜绿步甲的最终风险评估需要进一步测试。伏杀硫磷对白符跳具有高风险。所获得的结果表明，无论是DIMBOA还是所测试的降解产物在田间对任何一种非靶标土壤生物均不构成风险。
