Caballero-Campo Pedro, Chirinos Mayel, Fan Xue J, González-González María E, Galicia-Chavarría Myrna, Larrea Fernando, Gerton George L
Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6080, USA.
Biol Reprod. 2006 Apr;74(4):760-8. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.105.047522. Epub 2006 Jan 11.
The initial interaction between gametes takes place at the level of the sperm surface and the zona pellucida (ZP), the extracellular matrix of the egg in mammals. Successful fertilization requires the proper molecular recognition of the ZP by the sperm. Recently, human ZP was demonstrated to be composed of four proteins: ZP1, ZP2, ZP3, and ZP4. The goals of this study were to determine the effects of recombinant human ZP2, ZP3, and ZP4 on human sperm acrosomal exocytosis and sperm motility. Exposure of sperm to ZP proteins, alone or in combination, promoted acrosomal exocytosis in a time-dependent manner. This effect occurred in parallel with a considerable decrease in progressive motility, coincident with an increase in nonprogressive sperm motility. An analysis of kinetic parameters of ZP-treated sperm demonstrated that a characteristic motility pattern could be defined by values of curvilinear velocity > 63.9 mum/s and linearity <or= 15.5%. A strong correlation between curvilinear velocity and the amplitude of lateral head displacement was also observed. The incidence of sperm having these particular kinetic parameters increased after exposure to ZP proteins. These studies of two processes involved in sperm penetration through the ZP confirm that zona glycoproteins promote acrosomal exocytosis and now establish an additional role for these components as modifiers of sperm motility.
配子之间的初始相互作用发生在精子表面与透明带（ZP）水平，透明带是哺乳动物卵子的细胞外基质。成功受精需要精子对透明带进行适当的分子识别。最近，已证明人透明带由四种蛋白质组成：ZP1、ZP2、ZP3和ZP4。本研究的目的是确定重组人ZP2、ZP3和ZP4对人精子顶体胞吐作用和精子活力的影响。精子单独或联合暴露于ZP蛋白以时间依赖性方式促进顶体胞吐作用。这种作用与进行性运动能力的显著降低同时发生，同时非进行性精子运动能力增加。对经ZP处理的精子的动力学参数分析表明，一种特征性的运动模式可以由曲线速度>63.9μm/s和直线性≤15.5%的值来定义。还观察到曲线速度与头部横向位移幅度之间有很强的相关性。暴露于ZP蛋白后，具有这些特定动力学参数的精子发生率增加。这些关于精子穿透透明带所涉及的两个过程的研究证实，透明带糖蛋白促进顶体胞吐作用，并且现在确定了这些成分作为精子运动调节剂的额外作用。
