Schwarzpaul S, Strassburg A, Luhrmann P M, Neuhauser-Berthold M
Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
Ann Nutr Metab. 2006;50(2):155-62. doi: 10.1159/000090728. Epub 2006 Jan 9.
To assess the prevalence of vitamin and mineral supplement use in a free-living elderly population and the contribution of these supplements to usual dietary intake.
Analyses are based on data obtained from 388 subjects (>or=60 years) participating in the longitudinal study on nutrition and health status in an ageing population in Giessen (GISELA), Germany, in 2002. Nutrient intake from food was assessed by means of a 3-day estimated dietary record. Supplement use was recorded over a period of 3 days using a self-administered questionnaire.
Nearly half of the study population consumed at least 1 supplement within these 3 days. The use of supplements was more prevalent among women than among men (51.5 vs. 33.9%). On average women consumed 2.03+/-1.30 products and men 1.65+/-1.07 products. Magnesium, vitamin C and vitamin E were supplemented most often by men, while women supplemented magnesium, vitamin E and calcium most often. Most of the supplemented nutrients did not distinctly increase the average intake of the respective nutrients from the diet in this population. However, supplement use markedly decreased the proportions of elderly subjects with an intake below the current reference values for certain nutrients, particularly for vitamin E.
Results indicate that the intake of supplements is a common behavior in the population under investigation and therefore has to be considered when nutrient intake is evaluated.
评估在自由生活的老年人群中维生素和矿物质补充剂的使用情况以及这些补充剂对日常饮食摄入量的贡献。
分析基于2002年从德国吉森（GISELA）参与老年人群营养与健康状况纵向研究的388名受试者（≥60岁）获得的数据。通过3天估计饮食记录评估食物中的营养素摄入量。使用自填问卷记录3天内补充剂的使用情况。
在这3天内，近一半的研究人群至少服用了1种补充剂。补充剂的使用在女性中比在男性中更普遍（51.5%对33.9%）。女性平均服用2.03±1.30种产品，男性平均服用1.65±1.07种产品。男性最常补充镁、维生素C和维生素E，而女性最常补充镁、维生素E和钙。在该人群中，大多数补充的营养素并没有明显增加饮食中相应营养素的平均摄入量。然而，补充剂的使用显著降低了某些营养素摄入量低于当前参考值的老年受试者比例，特别是维生素E。
结果表明，补充剂的摄入在所调查人群中是一种常见行为，因此在评估营养素摄入量时必须予以考虑。
