JProf. Gerald F. Fitzgerald, University College Cork, Ireland, tel. +353 21 4902730, fax +353 21 4903101, email
J Nutr Health Aging. 2014;18(6):561-72. doi: 10.1007/s12603-014-0449-9.
To assess the dietary intakes of Irish community-dwelling elderly individuals, participating in the ELDERMET project.
Cross-sectional study.
Cork city and county region of southern Ireland.
Two hundred and eight (94 males, 114 females) community-dwelling subjects aged 64-93 yrs.
Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Anthropometric data were recorded. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA).
A high rate of overweight/obesity was observed in this population group. Consumption of energy-dense, low-nutrient foods was excessive among this population group. Older elderly subjects (≥75 yrs) consumed significantly (P<0.01) more desserts/sweets than younger elderly (64-74 yrs). Intakes of dietary fat and saturated fat were high while dairy food consumption was inadequate in both males and females. Elderly females typically had a more nutrient-dense diet than males. A considerable proportion of subjects, particularly males, had inadequate intakes of calcium, magnesium, vitamin D, folate, zinc and vitamin C.
The data indicate that the diet of Irish community-dwelling elderly individuals is sub-optimal with respect to nutrient intake, and excessive in terms of fat intake, with implications for the health status of this population group. Reductions in dietary fat and increased low fat dairy food intakes are recommended for the prevention of diet-related disease in older persons. In addition, strategies to improve a number of sub-optimal micronutrient intakes need to be developed and implemented, particularly among elderly males.
评估参与 ELDERMET 项目的爱尔兰社区居住的老年个体的饮食摄入量。
横断面研究。
爱尔兰南部科克市和郡区。
208 名（94 名男性，114 名女性）年龄在 64-93 岁的社区居住的受试者。
使用经过验证的半定量食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估饮食摄入量。记录人体测量学数据。使用迷你营养评估（MNA）评估营养状况。
该人群组中观察到高比例的超重/肥胖。该人群组摄入高热量、低营养的食物过多。年龄较大的老年人（≥75 岁）比年龄较小的老年人（64-74 岁）食用更多的甜点/糖果（P<0.01）。男性和女性的膳食脂肪和饱和脂肪摄入量都很高，而乳制品的摄入量不足。老年女性的饮食通常比男性更具营养密度。相当一部分受试者，尤其是男性，钙、镁、维生素 D、叶酸、锌和维生素 C 的摄入量不足。
数据表明，爱尔兰社区居住的老年个体的饮食在营养摄入方面不理想，脂肪摄入过多，这对该人群组的健康状况有影响。建议减少膳食脂肪并增加低脂乳制品的摄入量，以预防老年人的饮食相关疾病。此外，需要制定和实施策略来改善一些不理想的微量营养素摄入，特别是在老年男性中。
