Snow E T
Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University Medical Center, Tuxedo 10987.
Pharmacol Ther. 1992;53(1):31-65. doi: 10.1016/0163-7258(92)90043-y.
Cancer epidemiology has identified several metal compounds as human carcinogens. Recent evidence suggests that carcinogenic metals induce genotoxicity in a multiplicity of ways, either alone or by enhancing the effects of other agents. This review summarizes current information on the genotoxicity of arsenic, chromium, nickel, beryllium and cadmium compounds and their possible roles in carcinogenesis. Each of these metals is distinct in its primary modes of action; yet there are several mechanisms induced by more than one metal, including: the induction of cellular immunity and oxidative stress, the inhibition of DNA metabolism and repair and the formation of DNA- and/or protein-crosslinks.
癌症流行病学已将几种金属化合物确定为人类致癌物。最近的证据表明，致癌金属可通过多种方式诱发基因毒性，既可以单独作用，也可以通过增强其他物质的作用来实现。本综述总结了关于砷、铬、镍、铍和镉化合物的基因毒性及其在致癌过程中可能作用的当前信息。这些金属中的每一种在其主要作用模式上都有所不同；然而，有几种机制是由不止一种金属诱导产生的，包括：诱导细胞免疫和氧化应激、抑制DNA代谢和修复以及形成DNA和/或蛋白质交联。
